최근 들어 두만강유역 청동기시대에 관한 연구는 많은 진척을 이루었다. 연구의 주제가 다양해졌을뿐 아니라 최근에 연해주 지역에 대한 연구가 활발해짐에 따라 연구 대상지역의 범위 역시 넓어졌다. 하지만 기존의 연구는 토기 연구에 집중되어 있으며, 유형을 명확히 정의하고 개별 유적을 해석함에 있어서 한계를 보이고 있다. 이에 본고는 기존에 연구자마다 해석을 달리했던 유적에 대해 면밀히 검토하고, 이와 함께 두만강유역 청동기시대 유적의 유물복합체 전반에 대해 고찰하였다. 그 결과 무문의 홍도 및 외반구연 심발형 토기, 흑요석기와 마제석기의 조합을 특징으로 하는 오동유형을 새롭게 설정하였으며, 또한 기존의 유형 체계를 수정 보완하였다. 두만강유역 청동기시대문화는 興城類型이 출현함으로 개시되었으며, 오동유형을 거쳐 유정동유형으로 대체되고, 수북-신광유형을 마지막으로 두만강유역 청동기시대 문화는 종말에 이르게 된다.

This thesis aims to present a new chronological framework for the Bronze Age culture of theTumen River Valley and to explain its formation and development on the basis of detailed analy-sis of artifact assemblage and archaeological features.This study departs from a conventional analysis of the past which focused only on the potteryvessels and tries to examine the whole artifacts assemblages of pottery, stone tools, bone tools,etc. After a through analysis of these assemblages, five such distinctive cultural types, or leix-ing,(類型), are recognized in the Tumen River Valley, as Xingcheng, Odong, Liutingdong,Shuibei·Xinguang, and Beomuiguseok type. As a result, the Bronze Age culture in this areamay be divided into the following four phases.The first phase is represented by the Xingcheng cultural type. Its pottery is characterized byvarious pottery vessels with their rims being decorated with wave patterns and stone tool assem-blage including a number of obsidian tools, such as arrowheads and spear points for hunting. Inaddition, there is a wide variety of bone tools.In the second phase, Odong cultural type coexists with Xingcheng cultural type. In this phase,those artifacts belonging to the Odong cultural type are found at the sites of the Xingcheng cul-tural type. The Odong type pottery is similar to the Xingcheng type pottery, but has no decora-tion on the surface. Most of jars and bowls are burnished with red slip and more ground stonetools for hunting appear in this phase.The third phase is represented by the Liutingdong cultural type. The Liutingdong type potteryis characterized by undecorated flat-bottom vessels with straight rims. The majority of stone toolassemblage now consists of ground stone tools with obsidian tools being hardly used. In contrastto the previous phases, there are fewer kinds of bone tools and small bronze ornaments begin toappear as burial goods in graves.In the last phase, Shuibei-Xinguang cultural type coexists with Beomuiguseok cultural type,which has limited geographical distribution. The Shuibei-Xinguang type pottery is characterizedby flat-bottom pots that are attached with handles with a wave pattern or a nipple shape andpedestal bowls with ring foot. The assemblages of stone and bone tools are similar to those ofthe previous phase.

요약
 Ⅰ. 머리말
 Ⅱ. 연구 성과 검토
 Ⅲ. 유물복합체 분석
  1. 출토 유물의 분석
  2. 유물복합체 고찰
 Ⅳ. 유형의 설정
 Ⅴ. 두만강유역 청동기시대 유적의 편년
  1. 방사성 탄소연대의 검토
  2. 유적의 편년
 Ⅵ. 맺음말
 참고문헌
 영문요약

• 최경숙(한성백제박물관 학예사) | Kyoung-Suk Choi