China has experienced a long history of teaching Chinese characters. We should take full
advantage of Chinese teaching experience and transplant it in order to make it to the world.
To this end, I suggest that the students should build a solid foundation for learning Chinese
characters by learning spoken Chinese. The first step is to learn spoken Chinese and the next
step is to learn Chinese characters. Literacy should be started with during the Chinese
teaching process and it needs to be implemented through textbooks and class teaching. It is
important to teach the students step by step and build on the knowledge gradually. The
teaching process should arranged specific to the students’ actual level of ability. The teachers
should be trained and the modern teaching methods should be used appropriately in order to
design teaching programs for different levels. The textbooks should be set up for the amount
of vocabulary to reach around 1500 words. New words should be taught and they should be
turned up in the right order. Chinese pinyin needs to be learned and the vocabulary teaching
needs to be focused on. Writing practices should be arranged properly. During the class
teaching process, teachers should combine form, sound, and meaning, with form as the main
focus. They should make a connection of characters, words and sentences and focus on
characters. Recognizing, reading and writing should be associated together and recognizing
needs to be focused. Memorizing, comparing and analyzing should be used together and
memorizing should be focused.

中國漢字教學歷史悠久經驗豐富。漢字教學走向世界，應該很好運用、移植中國國內的漢字教學經驗。
為此我提出建言：學漢字先要打好漢語口語基礎。口語領先，識字隨之。教漢文開始時要以識字為重
點，並落實於教材，落實於課堂教學。教學要注意分散難點逐步佔有，循序漸進，負擔適當。要充分利
用漢字特點進行教學。要從學員實際出發，安排教學。要培訓好教師，適當地利用現代教學手段，設計
好不同層次的教學計畫。教材要安排好識字量，逐步達到識字一千五百左右。要選擇生字字種，並安排
好出現順序。要教中文拼音。要打好四大基礎。要重視詞彙教學。要安排適當的寫字訓練。課堂教學要
做到：形音義統一，以形為主；字詞句聯繫，以字為主；認讀寫結合，以認為主；記比說兼用，以記為
主。

• 張田若(中國中央教育科學研究所)