A case study of art therapy on promotion of self-esteem and problem-solving coping ability of a student with poor adaptation to school
본 연구는 서울시 K구 D중학교 상담실에서 학교부적응 청 소년과 개별미술치료 12회기를 실시하고 그 결과를 분석하여 미술치료가 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중 감 및 문제해결 대 처능력에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 연구문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째. 미술치료를 통하여 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중감이 향상 되었는가? 둘째, 미술치료를 통하여 학교 부적응 청소년의 문제해결 대처능력이 향상 되었는가? 연구기간은 2012년 9월부터 12월까지로 매회기 1시간30분 씩 매주 1회 총 12회기 에 걸쳐 미술치료 프로그램을 진행하 였다. 미술치료 프로그램의 효과측정을 위해 Coopersmith (1987)와 Pope, Mchale과 Chaighead(1988)등의 문항을 최보 가와 전귀연(1993)이 재구성하여 만든 자아존중감 척도를 권 영미(1999)가 수정, 보완한 자아존중감 척도와 Caver등 (1989)이 개발한 다차원 척도인 COPE를 연구목적에 맞게 일 부 수정한 청소년 문제해결 대처기제 척도를 사용하였으며, KHTP. KFD. KSD 그림 투사를 사전사후 진행하여 대상자의 행동변화를 비교분석하였다. 본 연구결과를 종합해보면, 미술 치료를 통해 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중감이 향상되었으 며, 문제해결 대처능력이 증진되었음을 볼 수 있다. 그러므로 미술치료가 학교부적응 청소년의 자아존중감 및 문제해결능력 증진에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
This study aimed to explore how art therapy can affect the self-esteem and problem- solving coping ability of students with poor adaptation to school building on the results from twelve individual sessions of art therapy that were conducted for students with poor adaptation to school at the confidential consulting room in D Mid School in K District in Seoul. Two specific research questions were asked: 1. Is there evidence for improvement in self-esteem among students with poor adaption to school after art therapy? 2. Is there evidence for improvement in problem-solving coping ability? The research period was four months from September to December of 2012. Each of the twelve sessions was administered for one and a half hours once a week. In order to measure the therapy effects, a self-esteem scale was used, which was developed by Choi and Chun (1993) using items drawn from the studies of Coopersmith (1987) and Pope, Mchale, and Chaighead (1988) and later modified and complemented by Kwon (1999). A coping mechanism scale was also created by modifying Caver’s (1989) multi-dimensional scale, COPE, especially to measure youths’ coping skills. Also comparisons were made to find any differences among subjects’ behaviors between before and after the therapy using projective drawings such as KHTP, KFD, and KSD. The findings showed that art therapy significantly improved the self-esteem and problem-solving and coping ability among students with poor adaptation to school. This suggests that art therapy can be utilized to help students with difficulties in adapting to school to develop their coping skills as well as promote their self-esteem.