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Spatio-temporal distribution of Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) within orchard and among orchards.
- 언어ENG
- URLhttps://db.koreascholar.com/Article/Detail/289522
Understanding the spatial pattern of G. molesta and the temporal variation of their patterns are important to develop and maintain pest management programs in fruit orchards. The overwintering larvae of G. molesta pupate early in the spring and new adults begin a flight for several reasons such as mating, seeking resources (food or shelter) and oviposition. It was known that G. molesta presented “low movement activity” and male G. molesta flight behavior was closely related to the proximity of its host crops. Unmated males remain near the site of emergence in order to find and copulate with unmated females. The fruit-bearing status of orchards are important factors for G. molesta movement. To elucidate the spatial distribution and temporal variation of G. molesta within and among orchards, pheromone traps targeting male G. molesta were used because the trap represent a reliable and economic tool for monitoring adult G. molesta populations. The study was conducted in two apple orchards (one is isolated from other fruit orchards and another is surrounded by apple orchards), Andong and in seven plum orchards, Uiseong, 2010. Using spatial analysis by distance indices, the spatial pattern of G. molesta in each sampling date was presented. In the study of the spatial pattern within apple orchard, the index of aggregation (Ia) of isolated orchard were presented >1, indicating an aggregated distribution pattern, from monitoring results. The spatial association between successive monitoring using X (the index of spatial association) was negative during spring season and after then the value was changed to positive. In the experiment of the spatial pattern among orchards, the index of aggregation was >1 in most monitoring date and the index of spatial association was negative during early and late growing season. Factors influencing the spatial-temporal dynamics of G. molesta are discussed.
