This paper examines Professor Moon-Young Lee’s academic achievement, which has been less highlighted than his popular image of a pro-democracy fighter. In fact, Lee was a puritan and dissident intellectual who studied public administration and believed in God throughout his lifetime. Lee employed ‘who-what-how’ categorization and transcendence ethics (i.e., nonviolence, personal ethic, social ethic, and self-sacrifice) to describe and analyze administrative phenomena. Lee’s nonviolence in particular plays a key role in his framework of transcendence ethics and is used in unique ways. His nonviolence is (1) not to use violence but to use ‘word,’ (2) to tell the truth (right things), (3) to tell right things only, (4) to use complete nonviolence, and (5) grounded in laws, common sense, and agreements. Nonviolence will be a likely option for those who do not have strong power and must address an evil counterpart. Citizens’ rational resistance and nonviolence will protect themselves from and correct the power abuse of evil regimes. However, the weak must persevere against the violence of the strong and wait patiently on the long road from nonviolence to self-sacrifice. Accordingly, it is not easy to practice Lee’s framework of transcendence ethics in reality. Nevertheless, his transcendence ethics, nonviolence in particular, appear to provide practical and realistic guidance for public administration reform.

• Hun Myoung Park(International University of Japan)