This paper examines Professor Moon-Young Lee’s academic achievement, which has been less highlighted than his popular image of a pro-democracy fighter. In fact, Lee was a puritan and dissident intellectual who studied public administration and believed in God throughout his lifetime. Lee employed ‘who-what-how’ categorization and transcendence ethics (i.e., nonviolence, personal ethic, social ethic, and self-sacrifice) to describe and analyze administrative phenomena. Lee’s nonviolence in particular plays a key role in his framework of transcendence ethics and is used in unique ways. His nonviolence is (1) not to use violence but to use ‘word,’ (2) to tell the truth (right things), (3) to tell right things only, (4) to use complete nonviolence, and (5) grounded in laws, common sense, and agreements. Nonviolence will be a likely option for those who do not have strong power and must address an evil counterpart. Citizens’ rational resistance and nonviolence will protect themselves from and correct the power abuse of evil regimes. However, the weak must persevere against the violence of the strong and wait patiently on the long road from nonviolence to self-sacrifice. Accordingly, it is not easy to practice Lee’s framework of transcendence ethics in reality. Nevertheless, his transcendence ethics, nonviolence in particular, appear to provide practical and realistic guidance for public administration reform.

Non-violence administration (NVA) is in search of a more civilized island governance rather than following the model of Britian or Japan: NVA assumes a model of Asian democracy by a true human to contribute to peace island policy in Asia Pacific context. First, a model of Asian democracy which was created from a group of ordinary Korean citizens who had been participating in the Sam-Il-Movements demonstration under Japanese Military colony in 1919 is suggested. On March 1, 1976, it was impressive that 11 leaders proclaimed Korean democracy came from Sam-Il-Sa-Sang at Myungdong Catholic Church at the heart of Seoul. Second, he highly appraised the decision of the Korean government to designate Jeju Island as a World Peace Island on January 27, 2005. Though it is small, the island was expected to play a peaceful role between two Koreas and in the Asia Pacific context. Third, the Jeju people try to pursue an “environmentally peaceful island” for their future in the Asia Pacific such as a neutralized peace island model of Costa Rica in the Central American context (1949). Fourth, Jeju Island needs to make an international treaty, a so-called “World Peace Island Treaty for 6 Talks Countries” to guarantee its more neutralized role for Asian Pacific Peace in the same function as that of the Demilitarized Zone between the two Koreas as the result of a cease-fire agreement of Korean War such as through a new framework of the United Three States of Korea UTSK (South Korea, North Korea and Jeju Island Korea).

The 1940s and 1950s were a period of both great chaos and great change for the Jeju region. The April 3rd Incident of 1948 and the ensuing Korean War, beginning in 1950, were events that altered society greatly, but very little research has been done on how these events impacted residential architecture. Furthermore, as the related sources and materials from this period are somewhat lacking, there appears to be a need to systematically organize these sources and materials to help us better understand the impact of these events on residential architecture. This research aims to serve as a basis for the conservation and utilization of cultural assets by analyzing the historical sites related to the April 3rd Incident and the distribution of residential architecture from that period. The research was done through analyzing original source documents and by visiting relevant sites. First, for the original source documents, we selected newspaper articles from media organizations and periodicals from administrative organizations that what we deemed to be relatively objective and the most factual. Second, for the on-site visits, we surveyed some still-existing residential architecture and analyzed the testimonies of residents who lived in those areas. Analyses of residential architecture typically include design, space, material, composition and facilities, however our analysis focused primarily on design and space. Based on sources from the April 3rd Incident, we analyzed the residential architecture as being characterized by damage spatial distribution, especially in areas where the leaders of the suppression were concentrated. The regional distribution of lost villages, places of refuge, massacre sites, and fortresses designed primarily for defensive purposes was interesting, but we interpret it to be a reflection of the strategy of suppression by the punitive force. In addition, in order to rebuild the society after the Korean war of the 1950s, refugee camps were constructed and destroyed homes were rebuilt. With the exception of temporary fortress built primarily for defensive purposes,these were built with materials that were totally different from traditional Jeju architecture, such as cement and wood. The most interesting differences, however, were those of design and space composition. This research was limited by the fact that we did not analyze the specific years of completion or the size of the structures, and thus there still remains a need for a survey of diverse source materials and research.

Sustainable community development has become a cornerstone for the overall sustainability movement in the recent years. Island provinces, due to the unique make up of their communities can and should adopt sound community development process for sustaining their futures growth. Civic engagement and citizen input are crucial for planning sustainable growth of island communities. This is primarily due to the fact that most island communities are inundated with rapidly growing tourism industry that threatens to affect the future of their environmental assets, island cultures and living standards. The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of environmental governance and citizen participation for sustainable growth of island communities. In addition to discussing the importance of citizen participation in sustainable development of island communities, this article also provides a brief case study of Jeju island and its recent attempts to promote sustainability in the wake of rapidly growing tourist industry. Two emerging and important planning processes that can enhance sustainable community development of island provinces are also discussed with specific applications to Jeju

This paper analyzes the current intellectual discourse on Jeju identity and its implications on the position of Jeju women. Debates on Jeju identity may be grouped roughly into three schools. Each of these schools has quite different implications for Jeju women’s position, implicitly or explicitly argued by each school. When the influence of China and Neo-Confucianism is emphasized in defining Jeju identity, women’s position is necessarily subordinate to that of men. When the culture of Jeju is presented as a culture of “compromise” between Jeju reality and Neo-Confucianism, the women’s position is inevitably raised and strengthened, since Jeju women, especially women divers, are at the forefront of coping with the harsh nature of the island along with men. Such a society cannot survive without women or men. When Jeju identity is presented as a “women centredness”, again women’s position is raised or the main axis (or the essence) of the island society is presented as women. The author proposes to take these debates one step further by synthesizing them and substantiating some crucial gaps in them, through fieldwork planned.

This study is aimed at analyzing social policy for unmarried single parents in Jeju Special Self- Governing Province, South Korea from 2005 to 2015 over 10 years by applying the policy analysis frame: dimensions of choice by Gilbert and Terrell(2013). The analysis result is as follows. First, the allocation dimension of who benefits has extended from selectivity of shelter-oriented service to universalism of community-based welfare services, which include not only unmarried mothers with their baby but also unmarried fathers with their baby. Second, social provisions have been enlarged and varied, ranging from simple shelter services to a multitude of services including shelter, voucher, cash, educational services, housing services and job training services etc. as shelter service changed into home-care service. Thirdly, the delivery system of social services for unmarried single parents has been changed from central governmental level through Jeju Special Provincial government to Jeju city government level. Research results found that all levels of government should reorganize and reform the service administration system for unmarried single parents, separated and specialized from family problems to meet the needs of a growing numberof single parents and various family types. Fourth, as financial resources of categorical grants from the central government to local government has been changed into block grants, financial deficit of local government can shake policy stability. That's why local communities should establish local ordinances to make all community social policy stable. Consequently, this policy analysis found that social welfare service for unmarried single parents has expanded but the financial resource limitation of local government can undermine the policy stability in the near future.