I highlight morally relevant history - of Korea, of The United States and of The early years of the United Nations (UN), which tends to be ignored in the discussion of the Jeju tragedy - a seven year period of brutality on Jeju Island, South Korea, that lasted from March 1, 1947 to September 21, 1954. While discussions of these events acknowledge the responsibility of the United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK), they overlook the connection of the tragedy to Korea’s earlier history - such as its Independence Movement in the early 1900s. Also overlooked is the way in which the US created machinery in the early years of the UN that was the sine qua non of the controversial UN monitored elections which were the flashpoint of the incident. This Pre-UN and early UN history is poignantly connected to the Jeju tragedy, as we will see, and is crucial for understanding its full significance. Sadly, however, this history is dimly understood. For the sake of understanding the full scope of moral responsibility for the Jeju tragedy, and for reconnecting to the values and virtues important for all people, this overlooked history must be brought to light.

On Cheju Island something happened in ‘peacetime’ under the American Occupation-namely a major peasant war-and after decades of repression Cheju people finally have came forward to tell their stories and demand compensation, and no special pleading about the exigencies of wartime will suffice to assuage the American conscience. What formerly classified American materials document is a merciless, wholesale assault on the people of this island. No one will ever know how many died in this onslaught, but the American data, long kept secret, ranged between 30,000 and 60,000 killed, with upwards of 40,000 more people having fled to Japan (where many still live in Osaka). There were at most 300,000 people living on Cheju Island in the late 1940s.1 This happened when the U.S. was legally responsible for actions taken under its command, but as it happened, instead of punishing the criminals, American leaders directed the suppression of the rebellion and were pleased when it was crushed. The effective political leadership on Cheju until early 1948 was provided by strong leftwing people’s committees that first emerged in August 1945, and later continued under the American Occupation (1945-1948). The Occupation preferred to ignore Cheju rather than to do much about the committees; it appointed a formal mainland leadership but let the people of the island run their own affairs. The result was an entrenched leftwing, one with no important ties to the North and few to the South Korean Workers Party (SKWP) on the mainland; the island was also well and peaceably governed in 1945-47, particularly by contrast to the mainland. In early 1948 as Syngman Rhee and his American supporters moved to institute his power in a separate southern regime, however, the Cheju people responded with a strong guerrilla insurgency that soon tore the island apart.

Even though we had a lot of obstacles to solve these issues, Jeju National University , Hokkaido University, Hawaii University, American Graduate School of the Paris, and University of Sydney have raised reparation topics through the Peace Island Forum, Peace Island Leadership School and Global Peace Bultuk Assemblies (Bultuk being a meeting place of Jeju woman divers surrounding stones at the sea side) since July of 2010. It was a cornerstone achievement that we presided over at "SOCIAL HEALING THROUGH JUSTICE: THE MASS KILLING OF KOREA JEJU ISLANDERS DURING U.S. PEACETIME OCCUPATION" with the University of Hawaii Law School and Hokkaido University together. Based on these gatherings we can start the Petition by Jeju people on Jeju Island Korea, which is calling for A JOINT SOUTH KOREA AND UNITED STATES JEJU 4.3 INCIDENT TASK FORCE TO FURTHER IMPLEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS AND FOSTER COMPREHENSIVE AND ENDURING SOCIAL HEALING THROUGH JUSTICE to advance the mutual interests of Jeju residents and the governments and people of South Korea and the United States ( March 27, 2014).

The National Museum of Taiwan History is holding a special exhibition titled: “Our 2.28: 70 Years After the 2.28 Incident”. The creation of this exhibition coincided with a push to get 2.28 registered as an UNESCO Memory of the World. With the continued development and recognition of the history of Taiwan 2.28 has led to the question about how to educate people about the events, especially their own students. In this paper, an introductory investigation into how various countries handles the teaching of state-sponsored tragic events to their students.

This article aims to find the answer to the question whether it is possible for the international society to denuclearize North Korea or not in the situation that North Korea is fast developing nuclear weapons and missiles in defiance of economic sanctions. For this aim, I approached this issue in the following steps. Firstly, I reviewed some basic points related to this issue. 1) I constructed the model for relationships between two countries. The types are confrontation, war and normal relationship. 2) I classified strategies for survival of a country. The types are self-reliance, forming alliance, collective security and world government. 3) I classified statuses of nuclearized countries. The statuses are being recognized, having declared and not having declared. Secondly, I checked the characteristics of the strategies of North Korea for its survival. Even though they are seeking the strategies of self-reliance, forming alliance and collective security, they are laying emphasis on self-reliance. This might be deeply related to their persistent seeking of nuclear weapons. Thirdly, I reviewed the development of North Korean nuclear issue focusing on the movements for nuclearization and denuclearization. Fourthly, I checked the opinions of some experts about the question whether its nuclearization is North Korea’s real goal or not. Fifthly, I constructed the dynamics of the North Korean nuclear issue focusing on the goals and means of the key players (North Korea, the U.S. and China). Sixthly, I checked the possibility of denuclearizing North Korea based on the analysis. Seventhly, I raised the task of preparing for the possibility that denuclearizing North Korea is hard to be attained.

The special law for making Jeju a free international city was implemented in 2001 to develop Jeju an important hub for international tourism. Jeju has been changed into a free international city attracting many foreign tourists, so English has been an important communication tool in Jeju. Also, Jeju has provided top quality English education by attracting world-prestigious international schools to enhance English education competitiveness. However, little attention has been paid on non-linguistic outcomes including English learners' identities changes occurred in the English learning experiences. This study proves that it is important to consider the influence of language learning on learners’ identities changes in the English learning process. The contradictory individual learner’s identity shows that teachers and educational institutions should not only train students’ language skills, but also be aware that L2 learning is closely connected to learners’ identity construction.