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Gut symbiont Burkholderia regulate expression of hemolymph proteins and juvenile hormone for development and reproduction of host insect, Riptortus pedestris
Recent studies suggested that gut symbionts modulate insect development and reproduction. However, how gut symbionts modulate host physiologies and what types of molecules are involved in these changes are still unclear. When we analyzed hemolymph proteins and transcriptional levels of host insects, hexamerin-α (Hex-α), hexamerin-β (Hex-β) and vitellogenin-1 (Vg-1) were highly expressed in symbiotic insects (Sym) compared to aposymbiotic insects (Apo). Depletion of Hex-β by RNA interference in 2nd Sym-nymphs delayed adult emergence, whereas Hex-α and Vg-1 RNA interference in 5th nymphs decreased reproduction of female insects and caused loss of color of laid eggs. Also, the levels of JHSBIII of Riptortus host were 3-fold higher in the Sym-female insects compared to the Apo-insects. These results demonstrate that the Burkholderia gut symbiont modulates host development and egg production through regulating the expression of three host storage proteins by controlling of brain hormone.
