Lee Pil-Hwan. 1996. An Article on the Positions of Old and Middle English Particles. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories 9: 1-25. In this article I account for the various positions of Old and Middle English particles in terms of verb second movement and extraposition. The base order of Old English is generally believed to be SOV, so a particle appears before the verb at the base. But a particle may be separated from the verb, when the verb moves to COMP by verb second movement or when the particle itself is extraposed over the verb. I argue that a particle can move to the right of the verb. However, there is no restriction on the landing site to which a particle is moved, contrary to Kemenade`s(1987) assumption that an Old English particle can move to the immediate right of the verb, or to the right of one further NP object only. This explanation is also contradictory to Pintzuk`s(1991, 1992, 1993) assumption that a particle does not move at all in Old English. An Old English particle is moved over the verb not by a construction-specific particle movement, which optionally permutes the particle with one object but by extraposition. For that reason, there may appear various elements between the verb and the extraposed particle.

• 이필환 | Pil Hwan Lee