Pseudogapping is treated as a combination of movement and ellipsis by many researchers. After reviewing some arguments based on movement analysis, I argue for a merge-based approach with the assumptions of Multiple Sphere Hypothesis (Im 2004-2012). The remnants in VP are not moved and elided but merged in Ω-sphere evading the PF deletion rule posited with the notion of E-GIVENness (Merchant 2001).

• Chegyong Im(Daegu Arts University)