Background: Cynaroside is a flavone, a flavonoid-like compound, known by different names (luteoloside and cinaroside). It is commonly found in Lonicera japonica Thunb., Chrysanthemum moriflium, and Angelica keiskei. The process of cell death has been classified as necrosis and apoptosis. Necrosis refers to unregulated cell death induced by a chemotherapeutic agent. Doxorubicin is an anthracycline anti-cancer drug used to treat acute leukemia, cancer, and lymphoma. However, it induces nephrotoxicity including tubular damage. Therefore, we investigated the protective effect of cynaroside against doxorubicin-induced necrosis in HK-2 cells. Methods and Results: To confirm the beneficial effect of cynaroside on doxorubicin-induced necrosis, HK-2 cells, a human proximal tubule epithelial cell line were treated with 10 μM doxorubicin and 80 μM cynaroside. Doxorubicin treatment resulted in increased DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity and mitochondria hyperactivation during cell necrosis. However, pretreatment with 80 μM cynaroside attenuated DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity and mitochondria hyperactivation induced by 10 μM doxorubicin in HK-2 cells. Conclusions: These results indicated that pretreatment with cynaroside ameliorated doxorubicin-induced necrosis in HK-2 cells. Therefore, cynaroside be used as a therapeutic agent for improving doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity. However, further studies are required to evaluated the toxicity of cynaroside treatment in animals and to determine its protective effect against doxorubicininduced nephrotoxicity in an animal model.

서 언
 재료 및 방법
  1. 실험 재료
  2. 세포배양
  3. 세포생존율 분석
  4. Tunel 염색
  5. 단백질 분석
  6. Caspase-3 활성 분석
  7. FACS 분석
 결과 및 고찰
  1. Cynaroside의 HK-2 세포 보호효과
  2. Cynaroside의 HK-2 세포 necrosis 억제효과
  3. Cynaroside의 doxorubicin에 의한 caspase-3 활성 억제효과
 REFERENCES

• 노종현(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Jong Hyun Nho
• 정호경(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Ho Kyung Jung
• 이무진(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Mu Jin Lee
• 장지훈(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Ji Hun Jang
• 심미옥(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Mi Ok Sim
• 정자균(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Ja Kyun Jung
• 정다은(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Da Eun Jung
• 안병관(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Byeong Kwan An
• 조현우(한약진흥재단, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine) | Hyun Woo Cho Corresponding author