Because of the economy and construction simplicity, Jacketing method has been widely used in strengthening RC columns in Korea. Although some studies on the compressive performance of jacketed elements have been conducted by experimental or analytical methods, the correlation between the axial performance and the surface roughness of the jacketed element has not been performed. In this study, the surface roughness of chipped surface of old element was measured and the compressive strength test was performed to evaluate the surface roughness and jacketed effects. The test results are as follows; (1) Compressive strength was improved by 1.8%∼3.1% by chipping, (2) Compressive performance of the jacketed elements reduced to 85%∼93% of theoretical values, (3) As a result of analysis of correlation between surface roughness index and axial strength, surface roughness index based on the wave length was more effective than existing methodology for evaluation surface roughness.