The acute toxicity of xylooligosaccharide(XO) was evaluated in SD rats. Groups of 15 male and 15 female rats were orally administered XO (0, 5000 or 10000 ㎎/㎏). The changes of body weight and clinical signs were investigated for 14 days after treatments. No death and toxic effects were observed for 14 days. Soft stool and diarrhea appeared right after treatment for over dose and non-digestive feature of XO but these clinical signs disappeared on the next day. No significant changes in body weight and abnormal gross findings were observed in relation to XO. According to the results, XO has no special toxic effects and LD50 values of XO are above 10000 ㎎/㎏ in male and female rats.