Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot is an edible green seaweed that belong to the Codiaceae family and has been used in Oriental medicine for the treatment of enterobiasis, dropsy, and dysuria. Methanol extract of codium fragile has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, although the anti-cancer effect on oral cancer has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer activity and the mechanism of cell death by methanol extracts of Codium fragile (MeCF) on human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Our data showed that MeCF inhibits cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, and markedly induced apoptosis, as determined by the MTT assay, Live/Dead assay, and DAPI stain. In addition, MeCF induced the proteolytic cleavage of procaspase -3, -7, -9 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP), and upregulated or downregulated the expression of mitochondrial-apoptosis factor, Bax(pro-apoptotic factor), and Bcl-2(anti-apoptotic factor), . Futhermore, MeCF induced a cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase through suppressing the expression of the cell cycle cascade proteins, p21, CDK4, CyclinD1, and phospho-Rb. Taken together, these results indicated that MeCF inhibits cell growth, and this inhibition is mediated by caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways through cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase in human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Therefore, methanol extracts of Codium fragile can be provided as a novel chemotherapeutic drug due to its growth inhibition effects and induction of apoptosis in human oral cancer cells.

서 론
 재료 및 방법
  1. 실험재료
  2. 청각(Codium fragile) 메탄올 추출물 제조 방법
  3. 세포 배양
  4. 세포 증식 효과 검증
  5. Live & Dead assay
  6. DAPI stain
  7. 단백질 면역 발색법
  8. 실험자료의 통계학적 검정
 결 과
  1. 청각(Codium fragile) 메탄올추출물에 의한 사람 유래 구강암 편평암세포 YD-38과 FaDu의 성장 억제 효과
  2. Live & Dead 염색을 이용한 청각(Codium fragile) 메탄올추출물에 의한 사람 하인두 편평암세포 FaDu의 세포사멸
  3. DAPI 염색을 이용한 청각(Codium fragile) 메탄올추출물에 의한 FaDu의 세포사멸 형태 관찰
  4. 청각(Codium fragile) 메탄올추출물에 의한 FaDu의 세포 주기 정지 분석
  5. 청각(Codium fragile) 메탄올추출물에 의한 세포사멸 단백질 발현 확인
 고 찰
 References

• Seul Ah Lee(Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University)
• Bo-Ram Park(Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University)
• Sung Min Moon(Oral Biology Research Institute, Chosun University)
• Do Kyung Kim(Oral Biology Research Institute, Chosun University)
• Chun Sung Kim(Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University) Correspondence to