Forward osmosis (FO) process has been attracting attention for its potential applications such as industrial wastewater treatment, wastewater reclamation and seawater desalination. Particularly, in terms of fouling reversibility and operating energy consumption, the FO process is assumed to be preferable to the reverse osmosis (RO) process. Despite these advantages, there is a difficulty in the empirical step due to the lack of separation and recovery techniques of the draw solution. Therefore, rather than using FO alone, recent developments of the FO process have adapted a hybrid system without draw solution separation/recovery systems, such as the FO-RO osmotic dilution system. In this study, we investigated the performance of the hollow fiber FO module according to various operating conditions. The change of permeate flow rate according to the flow rates of the draw and feed solutions in the process operation is a factor that increases the permeate flow rate, one of the performance factors in the positive osmosis process. Our results reveal that flow rates of draw and feed solutions affect the membrane performance, such as the water flux and the reverse solute flux. Moreover, use of hydraulic pressure on the feed side was shown to yield slightly higher flux than the case without applied pressure. Thus, optimizing the operating conditions is important in the hollow fiber FO system.

ABSTRACT
 1. 서 론
 2. 연구방법
  2.1 중공사 정삼투 막 및 모듈
  2.2 파일럿 스케일 정삼투 시스템
 3. 결과 및 고찰
  3.1 유도용액 운영조건에 따른 모듈 성능변화
  3.2 원수 운영조건에 따른 모듈 성능변화
 4. 결 론
 References

• 김봉철(한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부) | Bongchul Kim (Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT)) Corresponding author