The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the structural performance of joints between modules with steel plate press forming type non-symmetric cross section. The main experimental variables are direction of load, whether vertical bolts are fastened, and whether the concrete inside the column is filled. A total of three experiments were performed for each variable. Experimental results show that the behavior of the joints dominated by the local buckling deformation of the upper and lower beam flanges of the module joints, and the final failure was the fracture of the column-beam welds. In case of short side direction, it is possible to secure the performance of intermediate moment frame (0.02 rad). In case of long side direction, it is evaluated that the performance of special moment frame (0.04 rad) is secured regardless of whether or not concrete is infilled in the column.

Forward osmosis (FO) process has been attracting attention for its potential applications such as industrial wastewater treatment, wastewater reclamation and seawater desalination. Particularly, in terms of fouling reversibility and operating energy consumption, the FO process is assumed to be preferable to the reverse osmosis (RO) process. Despite these advantages, there is a difficulty in the empirical step due to the lack of separation and recovery techniques of the draw solution. Therefore, rather than using FO alone, recent developments of the FO process have adapted a hybrid system without draw solution separation/recovery systems, such as the FO-RO osmotic dilution system. In this study, we investigated the performance of the hollow fiber FO module according to various operating conditions. The change of permeate flow rate according to the flow rates of the draw and feed solutions in the process operation is a factor that increases the permeate flow rate, one of the performance factors in the positive osmosis process. Our results reveal that flow rates of draw and feed solutions affect the membrane performance, such as the water flux and the reverse solute flux. Moreover, use of hydraulic pressure on the feed side was shown to yield slightly higher flux than the case without applied pressure. Thus, optimizing the operating conditions is important in the hollow fiber FO system.

It is necessary to develop a mobile water production system in order to provide stable water supply in case of disasters such as floods or earthquakes. In this study, we developed a modular mobile water production system capable of producing water for various uses such as domestic water and drinking water while improving applicability in various raw water sources. The water production system consists of three stages of filtration (sand filtration - activated carbon filtration - pressure filtration) to produce domestic water and an additional reverse osmosis process to produce drinking water. In laboratory and field experiments, the domestic water production system showed excellent treatment efficiency for particulate matter, but showed limitations in the treatment of dissolved substances such as dissolved organic matter. In addition, ultraviolet irradiation was considered as additional disinfection step, because it does not form precipitates of manganese oxides after disinfection. Reverse osmosis process was added to increase the removal efficiency of dissolved substances and the treated water satisfied drinking water quality standards. Fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic matter showed that the fulvic acid-like substances in raw water was successfully removed in the reverse osmosis process. The mobile water production system developed in this study is expected to be used not only in water supply in case of disaster, but also widely used in islands and rural area.

Floating PV generation system, renewable energy power plant, is able to overcome the disadvantages of ground PV generation system and improve generating efficiency. The frame structural system is an established technology among a diversity of structural technologies which has been developed for related fields. In this paper, the both structural safety and characteristics of floating PV generation structures depend on the different placement angle of solar module are investigated to improve the commercial viability, the structural safety, and characteristics of floating PV generation structures. In addition, for the estimation of structural safety, FE analyses are conducted. From the results, the lower placement angle of solar module improves the structural safety of floating PV generation system.

Seismic performance evaluation of existing building usually needs much time and man power, especially in case of nonlinear analysis. Many data interaction steps for model transfer are needed and engineers should spend much time with simple works like data entry. Those time-consuming steps could be reduced by applying computerized and automated modules. In this study, computational platform for seismic performance evaluation was made with several computerized modules. StrAuto and floor load transfer module offers a path that can transfer most linear model data to nonlinear analysis model so that engineers can avoid a lot of repetitive work for input information for the nonlinear analysis model. And the new nonlinear property generator also helps to get the nonlinear data easily by importing data from structural design program. To evaluate the effect of developed modules on each stages, seismic performance evaluation of example building was carried out and the lead time was used for the quantitative evaluation.

본 실험에서는 고분자의 농도, 첨가제의 종류 및 함량에 따라 도프 용액을 이용하여 분리막 제조하였다. 분리막의 모폴로지는 전자주사현미경(SEM)을 통해 관찰 하였으며, 막의 모폴로지와 순수투과도의 관계를 확인 할 수 있었다. 필터화 모듈을 제조하여 수투과도 및 바이러스, 박테리아 등과 같은 미생물 제거성능을 측정하였다. 제조된 중공사막의 단면은 sponge 형태로 표명으로 갈수록 치밀한 형태를 띄는 것을 확인하였으며, 수투과도는 50-70 ml/min으로 높은 값을 나타내었으며, 필터화모듈의 경우 수투과도는 1.6 LPM의 높은 투수량을 나타내며, 박테리아와 바이러스의 제거성능은 log 6의 값의 높은 수치를 보였다.

염도차가 있는 두 용액을 멤브레인을 통해 혼합시 염도차에너지를 생산할 수 있다. 특히, 삼투현상을 기본으로 하는 압력지연삼투(PRO) 공정을 사용하면 염도차에너지를 수력에너지로 변환할 수 있다. 이 압력지연삼투 기술의 핵심은 PRO 멤브레인으로, 이 멤브레인의 성능에 따라 생산되는 전력량이 결정된다. 본 연구에서는 개발중인 PRO 멤브레인 모듈의 성능인 물플럭스 기반의 전력밀도(W/m2)를 분석하여 평가를 수행하였다. PRO 멤브레인 모듈의 성능은 삼투압차가 클수록 커지지만, 삼투압차에 비례하지는 않았다. 이론적으로는 삼투압차의 절반 정도에서 최고의 전력밀도를 보이지만, 실제로는 멤브레인의 특성에 따라 최적 압력은 영향을 받는 것으로 보였다. 삼투압차와 압력차외에도 두 용액의 유량은 성능에 영향을 미쳤다.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of design criteria for the SCP module specified in KEPIC-SNG. The structural performance of the compression members for the SCP module joint types was measured and the characteristics of the compression members were analyzed. As a result, For all specimens, the maximum load exceeded the ultimate strength.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the flexural performance of the SCP module fabricated using 40 MPa high-filling concrete and to verify the design flexural load presented in the INCA guidance of DNV. As a result, the maximum flexural load of the SCP module obtained through the structural test was 872 kN, the design flexural load and ultimate load were satisfied.

In order to reduce self-weight of structural elements, the use of SCP(Steel Concrete Plate) is getting increased. Since SCP has complicated sectional shape and includes large amount of studs, the use of high-filling concrete is required. Therefore, in this study, It was evaluated the filling performance of filling concrete for SCP module according to our mix proportion. Resultingly, the concrete effectively filled the large-sized SCP module.

In order to reduce self-weight of structural elements, the use of SCP(Steel Concrete Plate) is getting increased. Since SCP has complicated sectional shape and includes large amount of studs, the use of high-filling concrete is required. Therefore, in this study, It was evaluated the filling performance of filling concrete for SCP module according to our mix proportion. Resultingly, the concrete effectively filled the large-sized SCP module.

This paper describes the performance of the module-type drying apparatus for the composting of a food waste. The drying apparatus mainly consists of a screw-type food waste agitator, an air exhaust blower, a heat supply tube and a heat source. Two different discharging flow conditions of the drying apparatus, 4 and 5 m3/min, are introduced. Partly dried by-products after six hours drying operation in the drying apparatus is obtained while drying temperature keeps constant of 60oC. It is noted that the by-products needs to sufficient decay period for the composting. Deodorizing apparatus having a zigzag flow and a nozzle, which is connected to the drying apparatus, is also designed to enhance the removing performance of the odor. Throughout experimental measurements, time to the drying temperature of 60oC near the screw-type food waste agitator is shortened as discharging flow rate of the system decreases. The moisture content decreases to 50 percent after operation for 4 hours. Furthermore, the odor of the food waste is satisfied with the environment exhaust standard through the deodorizing apparatus.

As an effort to enlarge the territory of the county, many researchers have been studying floating foundation system. The procedure to build such structure needs prestressing and the joint that unify the precast concrete modules. Most importantly, the performance of aqua-epoxy used joint between modules is a critical factor of the structure, thereby it is important to evaluate the performance of it. Hence, this study tests the performance of the joint due to the joint length and the material properties of aqua-epoxy. The result showed that the specimen of 1cm joint length using 2% silica-fume mixed aqua-epoxy has the optimum load carrying capacity.