본 연구는 노인의 운동참여(운동빈도와 운동시간)와 주관적 건강인지(건강상태와 체력인지)가 심리적 안녕감에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위하여 수행되었다. 60세 이상 278명의 노인(남: 182, 65.4%, 여: 96, 34.6%)들이 본 연구에 참여하였다. 이들 중 규칙적으로 운동에 참여하는 노인은 230명(82.7%)였으며 전혀 참여하지 않은 노인은 48(17.3%)명이었다. 검사도구는 김명소, 김혜원, 차경호(2001)이 한국판 심리적 안녕감 질문지를 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 운동참여와 주관적 건강인지에 따라 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였으며 이원변량분석을 실시하였다. 결과는 첫째, 운동참여 노인과 비참여 노인의 심리적 안녕감(자아수용, 환경 통제력, 대인관계, 삶의 목적, 개인적 성장, 자율성)을 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 운동참여만을 대상으로 하여 분석한 바, 자아수용과 환경 통제력, 개인적 성장 요인은 운동빈도와 주관적 체력인지에 의하여 차이가 있었다. 자율성은 운동참여와 주관적 건강인지에 따른 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 노인의 운동참여와 주관적 건강인지는 심리적 안녕감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise participation(exercise frequency and movement time) and subjective health evaluation(health status and physical fitness level) on the psychological well-being. Total of 278 older populations over 60 years-old(male: 182, female: 96) in Gunsan city participated in this study. Among these subjects, 230 peoples(82.7%) participated in exercise event of health center regularly, but 48 peoples(17.3%) didn`t participated. Mean age of subjects were 66.8±4.5. The following scales were used for the purpose of this study. ⑴ sport-participation scale made by researcher ⑵ psychological well-being scale. The results were as follows;
1. There was significant difference in the psychological well-being(self-acceptance, environmental mastery, positive relationship, autonomy, purpose in life, personal growth) between exercise participated-populations and exercise non-participated populations statistically.
2. There was significant difference in the factors of self-acceptance, environmental mastery, and personal growth as a function of exercise frequeny and subjective physical fitness level.
3. There was significant difference in the factors of positive relationship and purpose in life as a function of subjective health status level.
4. There was not significant difference in the autonomy factor as a function of exercise participation and subjective health evaluation.
The results of this investigation have found out that exercise participation have effect on the psychological well-being of the elderly via enhancing the physical fitness and subjective health evaluation.

• 허정식(호원대학교) | Heo Jeong-Sig (Howon University)