Coupling is commonly used as a mechanical fastener to connect the turbine housing and the bearing housing in a turbocharger assembly. The finite element analysis was used to predict the structural behaviors of the coupling system, which could be caused by the bolt clamping force in the assembly process and the thermal deformation during turbocharger operation. The back plate is used to prevent gas leakage from the turbine housing to the bearing housing while the fixed pin is inserted to set the reference position between the two parts. Thus, in order to predict the mechanical behaviors of the coupling system numerically, the temperature distributions were calculated by heat transfer analysis based on the rated speed of the diesel engine. As a result of analyzing the structural characteristics of the turbocharger, the contact pressure of the back plate was influenced by thermal deformations whereas the bending deformation of the fixed pin was affected by the thermal deformation and the pin position.