Multiple Mediating Effects of Students` Athletic Ability Beliefs, Competence, and Goal Orientation in the Relationship between Perceived Motivational Climate and Situational Motivation
본 연구는 체육수업 맥락에서 지각된 동기분위기와 상황적 동기간의 관계에서 학생들의 운동능력에 대한 믿음과 지각된 유능감, 성취목표성향의 다중 매개역할을 검증하고, 이들 변인간의 직접효과가 남녀 집단 사이에 차이가 있는지를 비교하였다. 연구대상은 남녀 중학생 690명이며, 자료는 구조방정식모델 분석과 다집단 분석을 통해 분석되었다. 구조방정식모델 분석의 결과 증가된 믿음은 숙달분위기와 숙달목표, 유능감은 숙달분위기와 수행접근, 고정된 믿음은 수행분위기와 수행목표 간의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 수행회피를 제외한 성취목표는 유능감과 상황적 동기, 증가된 믿음과 상황적 동기들 간의 관계를 매개하고, 수행접근/회피목표는 고정된 믿음과 상황적 동기들 간의 관계를 매개하였다. 다집단 분석의 결과 성별 간 경로계수가 동일하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 본 결과는 학생의 성향적 동기 변인이 체육시간에 지각된 동기분위기와 다차원적 상황적 동기와의 관계를 부분적으로 매개하며, 각 경로계수가 성별에 따라 다르다는 사실을 시사한다.
The purpose of the present study was two-fold: (1) To examine the multiple mediating roles of students' athletic beliefs, perceived competence, and achievement goals in the relationship between contextual motivational climate and situational motivation in physical education setting, and (2) To compare whether the relationships among these variables differentiate across gender. Participants were 690 middle school students. Structural equation modelling analysis and multi-group analysis were used to examine the multiple mediation model and invariance across gender. The results of structural equation modelling indicated that students' incremental beliefs mediated the relationship between performance climate and performance goals, perceived competence mediated the relationship between mastery climate and performance-approach goal, entity beliefs mediated the relationship between performance climate and performance goals. Achievement goals except performance-avoidance goal were a mediator between perceived competence and situational motivations, as well as between incremental beliefs and situational motivations. Performance-approach/avoidance goals also mediated the relationship between entity beliefs and situational motivations. Multi-group analysis revealed that multiple mediation model was not invariant for males and females. The present findings suggest that students' dispositional motivation variables partially could mediate the relationships between perceived motivational climate and situational motivation, and the paths between latent variables were not invariant across gender.