과수재배에 있어 기상조건은 수량과 품질에 직간접적으로 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자이다. 과거와 달리 요즘 3~4월 최저기온 변동의 폭이 넓어 꽃이 일찍 피는 과종에서는 화기의 동해로 인한 착과불량 피해가 자주 발생하고 있다. 또한 여름 철 폭염도 빈번히 발생하고 있으며, 올해처럼 구름 끼고 비가 잦은 경우 과실 생장과 품질에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 확률이 매우 높다. 본 연구는 2015년부터 2017년까지 3년간 키위 재배지 2곳에서 4월부터 10월까지 발아 후 생육기 동안 온도변 화와 광합성유효광선(PAR)을 조사하였다. 또한 과실특성을 조사하여 연차간 기상조건의 차이가 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 2016년, 2017년은 2015년에 비해 6월~9월 평균 기온이 약 1~2oC 높았으며, 특히 7~8월은 2oC 가량 높은 폭염현상을 나타냈다. 광합성유효광선(PAR) 조사량을 측정한 결과, 노지재배인 사천지역은 4월에서 8월까지는 2015~2017년 모두 평균 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 이상을 나타냈으나 2015년을 제외한 2016년, 2017년 9~10월에는 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 미만을 나타냈다. 비가림 재배인 보성은 생육기 전반에 걸쳐 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 구간이였으며, 특히 9~10월은 2015~ 2017년 모두 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 미만을 나타냈다. 농촌진흥 청에서 육성된 신품종 ‘감록(Garmrok)’, ‘골드원(Goldone)’ 품종을 두 지역에서 재배, 수확한 결과 상대적으로 광합성유효 광선(PAR)량이 부족했던 보성에서 생산된 과실의 품질이 낮았다.

The state of weather conditions is an important factor that directly or indirectly affects the quantity and quality of fruit during the process of its cultivation. Unlike in the past, due to the currently wider range of fluctuations in the minimum temperatures during the period from March to April, fruits that bloom earlier in the season often suffer from poor fruiting outcomes due to severe frost damage. In addition, heatwaves occur more frequently in summer, and there is an additionally high probability of these weather patterns having a negative impact on fruit growth and quality when conditions are frequently cloudy and rainy, as observed during this year. This study investigated temperature changes and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) during the post-bud sprout period from April to October in two kiwifruit orchards for a period three years from 2015 to 2017. In addition, the effects of differences in weather conditions between the annual periods on fruit quality were investigated by examining the characteristics of eating-ripe fruits. In 2016 and 2017, the average temperature between June and September was about 1-2oC higher than in 2015, particularly in July and August, which was about 2oC higher than in 2015. As a result of measuring the PAR, the Sacheon area, which is an open field undergoing cultivation, averaged more than 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 between April and August 2015, but less than 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 in 2016 and September and October 2017. Bosung, a rain-sheltered orchard, was less than 300 μmol PAR m-2 s-1 throughout the growing season, especially in September and October from 2015 to 2017. The quality of fruits produced in Bosung, which lacked PAR, was low as a result of the cultivation and harvesting of the new kiwifruit cultivars of ‘Garmrok’ and ‘Goldone,’ released by the Rural Development Administration.

ABSTRACT
서 언
재료 및 방법
    시험 장소 및 품종
    미세기상 조사
    과실특성 조사
    통계분석
결과 및 고찰
    생육기 온도변화
    생육기 광합성 유효광선량(PAR)
    과실특성
적 요
REFERENCES

• 김승희(국립한국농수산대학 과수학과) | Seung-Heui Kim (Department of Fruit Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries)
• 조정건(국립원예특작과학원 과수과) | Jung Gun Cho (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• 김홍림(국립원예특작과학원 남해출장소) | Hong-Lim Kim (Namhae Branch, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration)
• 채원병(단국대학교 환경원예조경학부) | Won-Byoung Chae (Department of Environmental Horticulture, College of Life and Resource Science, Dankook University)
• 강성구(국립한국농수산대학 과수학과) | Seong Ku Kang (Department of Fruit Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries)
• 곽용범(국립한국농수산대학 과수학과) | Yong-Bum Kwack (Department of Fruit Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries) Corresponding author