For thousands of years, there have always been many disputes over the interpretation of the word JianShi (練實) in ZhuangZi Qiushui (《莊子·秋水》). The explanations about JianShi (練實) such as Bamboo fruits (竹實), neem fruits (楝實), white and pure fruit, and so on, but they are all debatable. The theory of “Bamboo fruits” (竹實) has no connections with the word form, which is quite abrupt and puzzling. The theory of “neem fruits”(楝實) is unreasonable and does not accord with the literal meaning of ZhuangZi Qiushui (《莊子·秋水》). The theory of “white and pure fruit” is contrary to the Ancient Chinese culture. Combined with the word form of JianShi (練實) and the literary meaning of Zhuangzi Qiushui (《莊子·秋水》), this paper holds that “練” and “揀” have the same meaning (selection), JianShi (練實) is JianShi (揀實) which means “Selected high-grade fruits”.

• 卞仁海(中國深圳大學) | 변인해