The denuclearization of North Korea was unpredictable and resulted in radical changes. Despite the skepticism and disappointment surrounding denuclearization, it is important for certain verification technologies to establish what is technically possible or practically impossible, and how reliable these technical means are. This article presents the technical hurdles in nuclear verification by systematically categorizing them into issues of correctness and completeness. Moreover, it addresses the safety and security risks during the denuclearization process, including the radiological impact on humans, environmental effects, and the illegal transfer of material, information, and technologies.

1. Introduction
2. Objectives of Denuclearization Verification:Correctness and Completeness
    2.1 Correctness in the Verification of NorthKorea’s Denuclearization
    2.2 Completeness in the Verification of NorthKorea’s Denuclearization
3. Safety and Security ConsiderationsDuring Denuclearization Verification
    3.1 Illegal Transfer of Technology, Equipment,and Human Resources
    3.2 Radiological Impact on Humans and theEnvironment
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
REFERENCES

• Sungyeol Choi(Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea)
• Eunju Jun(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 111, Daedeok-daero 989beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author