One disadvantage of deep cycle flooded lead-acid batteries is increasing water loss caused by use of (+) Pb-Sb / () Pb-Sb alloy grid. Water loss is generated by the emission of hydrogen gas from the () electrode during battery charging. In this paper, we maintain cycle life aspect through the development of hybrid flooded lead-acid batteries to which a (+) Pb- Sb / () Pb-Ca grid is applied and deal with the improvement of water loss. The amount of water loss compared to that of the () Pb-Sb grid decreased when Ca was added to the () Pb grid. For the () Pb-Ca grid, it was confirmed that the time to reach 0.0 V, at which water decomposition occurs, was increased compared to that of the () Pb-Sb grid at the NPV (Negative Potential Voltage). In the cycle life test conducted with the BCI (Battery Council International) standard, compared to the (+) Pb-Ca grid, the (+) Pb-Sb grid increased the life cycle of the batteries and the (+) Pb-Ca grid showed an early end of life due to PbO corrosion layer generation, as determined through SEM / EDS and Tear Down analysis. In conclusion, by addition of Sb to (+) Pb grid and Ca to () Pb grid, we developed a hybrid flooded lead-acid battery that meets user requirements to improve water loss characteristics and preserve cycle life characteristics.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 실험방법
    2.1. 기판 및 극판 제작
    2.2. 연축전지 제조
    2.3. 기판 및 극판 분석
    2.4. 연축전지 시험
3. 결 과
    3.1. 기판 및 극판 특성 실험
    3.2. 제품 특성 실험
    3.3. 수명 종료 제품 분석
4. 결 론
Acknowledgement
References

• 송승윤(세방전지㈜,창원대학교 신소재공학부 신소재융합공학전공) | Seung Yun Song (Sebang Global battery Co., Ltd., Changwon, Republic of Korea, Convergence Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National Univ., Changwon, Republic of Korea)
• 임태섭(세방전지㈜) | Tae Seop Lim (Sebang Global battery Co., Ltd., Changwon, Republic of Korea)
• 김성준(세방전지㈜) | Sung Jun Kim (Sebang Global battery Co., Ltd., Changwon, Republic of Korea)
• 정연길(창원대학교 신소재공학부 신소재융합공학전공,창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과) | Yeon-Gil Jung (Convergence Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National Univ., Changwon, Republic of Korea, Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National Univ., Changwon, Republic of Korea)
• 양승철(창원대학교 신소재공학부 신소재융합공학전공, 창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과) | SeungCheol Yang (Convergence Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National Univ., Changwon, Republic of Korea, Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National Univ., Changwon, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author