Black phosphorus (BP) is incorporated in the electrochemical detection of uric acid (UA) to form few layers of BP nanosheets (BPNS)-modified glassy carbon electrodes (BPNS/GCE), investigated by means of ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. We find a significant increase in the peak current magnitude and positive potential shift in the electrochemical response of BPNS/GCE, which may be attributed to the larger specific surface area and good charge transfer ability of BPNS. Further, the electrochemical response of BPNS/GCE is evaluated under different conditions to achieve the optimal conditions. UA detection using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) shows linear response within the range of 1–1000 μM with a detection limit of 0.33 μM. This work reveals new applications of BP nanomaterials in the electrochemical sensing, thereby promoting further advancement in terms of practical applications of two-dimensional nanomaterials.

Black phosphorus nanosheets-based effective electrochemical sensor for uric acid detection
    Abstract
    1 Introduction
    2 Experimental
        2.1 Chemicals
        2.2 Characterization
        2.3 Preparation of BPNS
        2.4 Fabrication of BPNS-modified electrode
        2.5 Electrochemical testing
    3 Results and discussion
        3.1 Characterization of BPNS
        3.2 Electrochemical behavior of BPNS-modified electrodes
        3.3 Linear range and limit of detection
        3.4 Repeatability, selectivity, and stability
    4 Conclusion
    Anchor 16
    Acknowledgements 
    References

• Hao Wang(Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China)
• Haitao Wang(Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China)
• Jingjing Yang(Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China)
• Pramitha Yuniar Diah Maulida(Nano Center Indonesia, Jalan Raya PUSPIPTEK, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia)
• Jing Zou(Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China)
• Arramel(Nano Center Indonesia, Jalan Raya PUSPIPTEK, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia)
• Can Wu(Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430299, China, College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China)
• Jizhou Jiang(Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China)