Health concerns related to particulate matter (PM) pollution are on the rise globally. This study investigates the effects of the main components of PM on human airway epithelial cells (Calu-3), focusing on three distinct types: PM10-bound PAHs (including Benzo[a]anthracene and Benzo[b]fluoranthene), PM10-bound trace elements (containing arsenic and lead), and PM2.5-bound ions (comprising sodium and calcium). Calu-3 cells were exposed to these PM components at concentrations ranging from 2 to 100 μg/mL. Unexposed Calu-3 cells exhibited a 60% increase in metabolic activity after 12 hours. In contrast, exposure to PM components resulted in significant reductions in cell viability, with PM10-bound PAHs and PM10-bound trace elements causing decreases of 54% and 55% respectively, and PM2.5-bound ions leading to a 63% reduction at 100 μg/mL. Additionally, there was found to be a notable rise in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α. Specifically, IL-8 levels increased by 456%, and TNF-α levels rose by 660% after 12 hours of exposure to PM2.5-bound ions. These findings indicate that the size and composition of fine dust particles play a critical role in their cytotoxic effects, contributing to increased cell death, membrane damage, and necrosis in airway epithelial cells.

1. 서 론
2. 실험 방법
    2.1 미세 먼지 모델 화합물 준비와 처리
    2.2 인간 기도 상피세포(Calu-3) 배양
    2.3 세포 생존율 분석
    2.4 염증성 사이토카인 측정
3. 결과 및 고찰
    3.1 미세 먼지 주요 성분이 세포 생존율에 미치는영향
    3.2 미세 먼지 장시간 노출에 의한 세포 생존율
    3.3 미세 먼지 주요 성분에 의한 염증성 사이토카인 발현
4. 결 론
감사의 글
References

• 김태은(숭실대학교 화학공학과) | Tae Eun Kim (Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University)
• 임준우(숭실대학교 화학공학과) | Jun Woo Lim (Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University)
• 정재현(숭실대학교 화학공학과) | Jae Hyun Jeong (Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University) Corresponding author
• 류희욱(숭실대학교 화학공학과) | Hee Wook Ryu (Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University) Corresponding author