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With intensifying anthropogenic stress, incidences of extreme bioturbation have increased throughout coastal vegetation ecosystems worldwide. However, ecosystem consequences of extreme bioturbation within coastal vegetations remain poorly understood. Burrowing shrimps (infraorders Gebiidea and Axiidea) are pervasive bioturbators in seagrass ecosystems, spanning temperate to tropical regions. To date, empirical investigations about their effects on seagrass ecosystem properties are few and sparse. We conducted a series of field surveys and experiments in Geoje, South Korea to assess 1) whether burrowing shrimp Upogebia major could serve as an important bioturbating agents in intertidal seagrass Zostera japonica, 2) the relationship between bioturbation intensity and seagrass vegetation characteristics, and 3) effects of extreme shrimp bioturbation on the persistence of transplanted seagrass. Z. japonica served as an important habitat for U. major, with an average of 102 burrows m-2 found inside the vegetation compared to 266 burrows m-2 in adjacent mudflats. Increasing burrow density was associated with declining seagrass % cover, belowground biomass, and shoot density, particularly during the fall season when shrimp bioturbation activity peaked. No vegetation occurred in areas with >280 burrows m-2, suggesting a potential density threshold for seagrassshrimp co-existence. When Z. japonica was transplanted into low (~16 m-2), high (~277 m-2), and extreme high (~634 m-2) burrow-density areas, the latter two groups showed significantly faster vegetation losses. Overall, these findings suggest that: 1) U. major might serve as an important bioturbating agent in intertidal seagrass habitats across the southern coast of Korea, and 2) this species might pose a threat to seagrass resilience at high population densities.
1. 서 론
2. 재료 및 방법
2.1. 연구 지역의 환경 특성
2.2. 쏙의 생물교란 강도와 애기거머리말서식지 특성의 연관성
2.3. 쏙의 생물교란이 이식된 애기거머리말에미치는 영향
2.4. 데이터 분석
3. 결 과
3.1. 쏙의 생물교란 강도와 애기거머리말서식지 특징의 연관성
3.2. 쏙의 생물교란이 이식된 애기거머리말에미치는 영향
4. 고 찰
4.1. 애기거머리말 서식지 내 쏙 생물교란 강도
4.2. 쏙의 생물교란이 애기거머리말에 미치는 영향
4.3. 한계 및 시사점
5. 결 론
적 요
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of Competing Interest
사 사
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
