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Wet pavement friction decreases with an increase in water film thickness (WFT), leading to a significant increase in vehicle crashes. The British pendulum test described in ASTM E303-93 is a method used to measure the pavement friction under wet conditions for the input of geometric design and pavement management systems. The British pendulum number (BPN) under wet conditions varies with WFT. Following the ASTM E303-93 standard procedure, WFT was simulated by spraying water onto the pavement surface. However, the measurement of the BPN did not include specific information regarding the WFT present during testing. To address these issues, WFTs and BPNs are measured using artificial rainfall generated by a rainfall simulator across various intensities, drainage lengths, pavement slopes, and pavement surfaces. This study aims to investigate the influence of the WFT on the BPN for wet pavement friction and provide the WFT corresponding to each BPN measurement for different surface types. The BPNs and WFTs of three test slabs, including diamond grooving and tining surfaces with 16 mm and 25 mm spacing, were measured under wet conditions by spraying water and creating WFTs using a rainfall simulator. Measurements were taken in both longitudinal and transverse directions, considering different rainfall intensities (40 mm/h, 80 mm/h, and 130 mm/h), pavement slopes (2%, 5%, and 10%), and drainage path lengths (1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m, and 5 m). The test results indicated that wet pavement friction decreased as the WFT increased that was influenced by several factors including the pavement slope, mean texture depth, rainfall intensity, and drainage path length. Specifically, the WFT tended to increase with a decrease in the pavement slope and an increase in the mean texture depth, rainfall intensity, and drainage path length. In particular, surface texture played a significant role in the wet friction performance, with diamond-grooved pavements. Among the tested surfaces, the diamond-grooved (longitudinal and transverse) pavements demonstrated a more effective wet friction performance, maintaining higher BPN values across varying WFT levels. Conversely, longitudinally and transversely tined surfaces with 25 mm spacing showed a more significant decrease in BPN, reflecting a higher sensitivity to WFT. In contrast, tined surfaces with 16-mm spacing exhibited a more gradual reduction in friction, likely owing to enhanced drainage and better resistance to water-induced friction loss. Additionally, these results indicated that longitudinal textures demonstrated a more significant reduction in friction with increasing WFT compared with transverse textures. This demonstrated that the texture type, direction, and spacing significantly influenced the friction loss under wet conditions, with diamond grooving offering the best overall performance. This study highlighted the critical role of WFT in pavement friction design, emphasizing the need to consider the WFT for a more accurate assessment of wet pavement friction. The WFT was influenced by factors such as the pavement slope, rainfall intensity, drainage path length, and surface texture. The diamond-grooved pavements demonstrated a more effective wet friction performance, maintaining higher BPN values across varying WFT levels. In contrast, tined surfaces with larger spacings exhibited more significant friction loss, whereas those with smaller spacings showed a more gradual reduction, likely owing to better drainage. In particular, longitudinal textures showed a greater reduction in friction compared with transverse textures. Overall, the texture type, direction, and spacing played crucial roles in wet friction performance, with diamond grooving offering the best results.
1. 서론
2. 선행 연구 검토
3. 연구 방법론
3.1. 실험 조건
3.2. 노면 조직 특성에 따른 배수성능 평가 과정
4. 실험 결과 및 분석
4.1. 다이아몬드 그루빙과 타이닝 표면의 수막 두께 비교(16mm 및 25mm 간격)
4.2. BPT를 위한 수막 두께 결정
4.3. 다양한 노면에서 수막 두께가 BPN에 미치는 영향
5. 결론
REFERENCES
