Multivalent ions in natural aqueous solutions—such as seawater, brackish water, and freshwater—can negatively affect the performance of ion exchange membranes (IEMs) used in electrochemical energy and environmental devices. In this study, a pore-filling cation exchange membrane (CEM) permeable to multivalent ions was fabricated to minimize performance degradation caused by such ions. To achieve this, multilayer pore-filling CEMs were prepared by performing two impregnation processes using monomer electrolyte solutions of different compositions (varying deionized water content and monomerto- crosslinker ratios). As a result, a highly crosslinked electrolyte polymer formed on the internal side of the CEM, while a low-crosslinked polymer formed on the external side. Due to the presence of the low-crosslinked outer polymer layer, the multilayer pore-filling CEM exhibited a smaller increase in resistance caused by Mg2+ ions. Furthermore, based on the correlation between permselectivity and resistance measured in a 0.45 M NaCl + 0.05 M MgCl2 solution, which simulated the Mg2+ concentration in seawater, an optimal structure of multilayer pore-filling CEM was identified, and it exhibited a minimized increase in resistance and a permselectivity of over 90 %.

Abstract
1. 서 론
2. 실험 방법
    2.1. 소재
    2.2. 다층구조 세공충진 CEM의 제막
    2.3. 다층구조 세공충진 CEM 특성 평가
3. 결과 및 고찰
4. 결 론
Acknowledgement
References
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• 정해권(텍사스 A&M 대학교 화학공학과) | Hae-Kwon Jeong (Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States)
• 최우현(국립창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과) | Woohyun Choi (Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea)
• 김영서(국립창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과) | Yeongseo Kim (Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea)
• 박정근(국립창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과) | Jeong Geun Park (Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea)
• 김민규(국립창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과) | Min-Gyu Kim (Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea)
• 정연길(국립창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과, 국립창원대학교 신소재공학부) | Yeon-Gil Jung (Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea)
• 양승철(국립창원대학교 소재융합시스템공학과, 국립창원대학교 신소재공학부) | SeungCheol Yang (Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author