본 연구에서는 Hofstede, Schwartz, GLOBE, Hall의 네 가지 문화이론을 통합적 분석 틀로 설정하고, 이를 토대로 한국, 중국 그리고 일본의 문화적 특성을 비 교 분석한다. 연구 결과 네 이론이 가치, 제도, 관행, 커뮤니케이션이라는 상이 한 층위에서 동아시아 문화의 공통성과 차이를 상호 보완적으로 설명하고 있음 을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 단일 이론 접근을 넘어 네 이론을 통합함으로 써 동아시아 문화의 다층적 구조를 해명하고, 사회적 변동, 제도적 맥락, 관계 적 상호작용 속에서 문화가 재구성되는 과정을 체계적으로 분석하였다. 이러한 통합적 접근은 정책, 조직관리, 관광, 교육 등 실무 영역에서 문화 맥락을 반영 한 의사결정 설계의 기초를 제공한다.

This study employs an integrative analytical framework based on the four major cultural theories of Hofstede, Schwartz, GLOBE, and Hall to comparatively analyze the cultural characteristics of South Korea, China, and Japan. The findings reveal that the three countries share common cultural foundations—Confucian heritage, relational orientation, and long-term goal pursuit—yet have developed distinct cultural structures shaped by their respective economic development trajectories and institutional environments. In the Hofstede framework, China exhibited high power distance and long-term orientation, Japan demonstrated strong uncertainty avoidance and masculinity, while Korea showed a hybrid pattern of hierarchical respect and relational flexibility. In Schwartz’s value theory, China reflected a combination of power–achievement and conservation values, Korea balanced achievement and benevolence, and Japan integrated benevolence with traditional and security-oriented values. According to the GLOBE framework, China displayed authority-, relationship-, and performance-oriented practices, Korea emphasized a harmony between hierarchy and cooperation, and Japan maintained procedural stability and quality orientation. Hall’s theory revealed that while all three nations belong to high-context cultures, Japan exhibited a monochronic and rule-based orientation, China showed a relationship-centered and polychronic tendency, and Korea represented a hybrid form combining formality and flexibility. These results indicate that the four theoretical models provide **complementary explanations across multiple analytical levels—values, institutions, practices, and communication—**for understanding both the shared and distinctive features of East Asian cultures. By integrating these frameworks, this study elucidates the multilayered structure of East Asian culture and examines how cultural systems are formed and reconstructed through social change, institutional contexts, and relational interactions. The integrative perspective proposed here offers both theoretical and practical implications for developing culturally grounded strategies in policy-making, organizational management, education, and tourism.

목 차
논문 초록
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
    1. 국가 문화 연구의 이론적 의의와 발전
    2. Hofstede의 국가문화 차원 이론과 그 특징
    3. Schwartz 가치이론: 구조와 핵심 개념
    4. GLOBE 프로젝트의 Practices와 Values 구분
    5. Hall의 맥락⋅시간⋅공간 이론
Ⅲ. 한국⋅중국⋅일본의 문화적 특성
    1. Hofstede 문화차원을 통한 한국⋅중국⋅일본의 비교분석
    2. Schwartz 가치이론에 따른 한국⋅중국⋅일본의 문화적가치 비교
    3. GLOBE 관점에서 본 한국⋅중국⋅일본의 조직 및 사회관행 비교
    4. Hall의 맥락 및 시간지향 이론에 따른 한국⋅중국⋅일본의커뮤니케이션 비교
Ⅳ. 통합 논의
    1. 한국⋅중국⋅일본 문화의 통합적 비교 분석
    2. 네 문화이론의 상호보완성과 통합적 관점
    3. 동아시아 문화 연구의 이론적⋅실천적 함의
Ⅴ. 결론
<참고문헌>
Abstract

• 김도훈(동아대학교, 아세안연구소 조교수) | Kim Do-hoon (Institute of ASEAN Studies, Dong-A University)