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To investigate the temperature-dependent development of Spodoptera litura, experiments were conducted at five constant temperatures: 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35±1°C, with 60±5% relative humidity and a light/dark cycle of 16L : 8D. Daily observations were made of the egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. The total developmental periods recorded were 182.0 days at 15°C, 78.2 days at 20°C, 46.2 days at 25°C, 34.3 days at 30°C, and 30.0 days at 35°C, indicating that higher temperatures accelerate development across the egg, larval, and pupal stages. Linear model analysis estimated the lower developmental threshold and thermal constant for the total immature period to be 11.0°C and 714.3 degree-days (DD), respectively. Nonlinear models provided estimates for the optimal developmental temperatures for the total period: 35.3°C for the Briere 1 model, 35.4°C for the Briere 2 model, 34.5°C for the Lactin 1 model, 33.8°C for the Lactin 2 model, 35.3°C for the Taylor model, and 34.2°C for the Logan6 model. Additionally, the developmental completion distribution was effectively described by a 3-parameter Weibull function, achieving a goodness of fit (R 2) of 0.81. Adult longevity was longest at 20°C, averaging 23.5 days for males and 21.0 days for females, while the shortest longevity was observed at 30°C, with males living an average of 10.2 days and females 9.7 days.
1. 서 론
2. 재료 및 방법
2.1. 실험 곤충 사육
2.2. 온도발육실험
2.3. 온도발육모형
2.4. 발육완료분포모형
2.5. 성충 수명 및 산란
2.6. 통계분석
3. 결 과
3.1. 온도에 따른 발육 및 생존율
3.2. 온도발육모형
3.3. 발육완료분포모형
3.4. 성충 수명 및 산란수
4. 고 찰
적 요
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of Competing Interest
사 사
REFERENCES
