Trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic pain disorder characterized by sudden, intense, and recurrent episodes of electric shock-like pain within the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. In addition to pain triggered by normally nonpainful stimuli, it may also present as spontaneous episodes. Although various causes of trigeminal neuralgia have been identified―such as neurovascular compression, demyelination, injury, and tumors―the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Understanding these mechanisms is therefore crucial; however, the animal models used in research do not fully replicate the causes of the disorder. This review provides an overview of the animal models employed in trigeminal neuralgia research and evaluates their suitability for investigating disease mechanisms. Among these models, trigeminal root compression and demyelination models most closely reproduce the clinical etiology of trigeminal neuralgia. Developing animal models that accurately reflect the clinical pathophysiology of trigeminal neuralgia is essential for elucidating the underlying mechanisms and advancing the preclinical evaluation of new pharmacological agents and therapeutic interventions.

Introduction
Main Text
    1. Animal models of trigeminal neuralgia
    2. Investigation of underlying mechanisms fortrigeminal neuralgia
    3. Development of novel therapeutic approachesbased on mechanistic research
Conclusion
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References

• Yu-Mi Kim(Department of Oral Physiology, Craniofacial Nerve-Bone Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea)
• Dong-Kuk Ahn(Department of Oral Physiology, Craniofacial Nerve-Bone Network Research Center, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea) Corresponding author