Primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) is a rare malignant odontogenic epithelial neoplasm arising within the jawbone, without connection to the oral mucosa or evidence of pre-existing malignancy. As PIOC often develops from odontogenic cysts, its clinical and radiographic features may closely mimic those of benign cystic lesions, making pre-operative diagnosis difficult and leading to delayed or inadequate treatment. This case report highlights the importance of careful assessment of subtle clinical, radiographic or intra-operative abnormalities, as well as the necessity of routine histopathologic examination.

• 한승용(연세대학교 치과대학 구강병리학교실) | Seung-Yong Han (Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea)
• 조수빈(연세대학교 치과대학 구강병리학교실, 연세대학교 구강종양연구소) | Sue Bean Cho (Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea)
• 한다울(연세대학교 치과대학 구강병리학교실, 연세대학교 구강종양연구소) | Dawool Han (Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea)
• 김현실(연세대학교 치과대학 구강병리학교실, 연세대학교 구강종양연구소) | Hyun Sil Kim (Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea) Corresponding author