Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Indica and Japonica Rice Varieties with Different Amylose Contents
This study examined the physicochemical properties of rice varieties with different amylose contents, including Kanto 504, Goami, Chucheong and Baekjinju. The grain dimensions ranged from 4.69-6.56 mm in length and 1.80-1.93 mm in width, with weights of 19.71-21.60 mg. Baekjinju showed the highest L and b values, whereas Kanto 504 showed the highest a value. The moisture, ash, lipid, protein, and crude fiber contents ranged from 14.51-17.88%, 0.41-0.49%, 0.43-1.47%, 5.52-7.98%, and 0.25-0.35%, respectively. The amylose content was highest in Goami 27.34% and Kanto 504 26.33%, and lowest in Baekjinju 9.31%. The water absorption index and water solubility index ranged from 1.19 to 1.25 and from 1.18% to 3.68%, respectively. All samples exhibited a typical A-type crystalline pattern, and the crystallinity decreased with increasing amylose content. Amylogram analysis showed that Kanto 504 had the highest pasting temperature, peak viscosity, viscosity at 50°C, and setback, whereas the breakdown was highest in Baekjinju and lowest in Goami. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed gelatinization temperatures of 53.62-78.78°C, and gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH) was higher in low-amylose varieties.