논문 상세보기
pp.93-104
Demand responsive transit (DRT) has emerged as a key alternative for small- and mid-sized Korean cities, where fixed-route services cannot accommodate spatially and temporally heterogeneous demands. However, most prior research has analyzed either operational logs or usersatisfaction surveys in isolation. This study addresses that gap through an integrated empirical analysis of the Naju "Naju-Call Bus" service, characterizing the spatiotemporal structure of DRT demand and identifying which service-quality dimensions drive overall satisfaction. We employed two complementary data sources: 13,071 operational trip logs (Jan–Mar 2025) and 491 user-satisfaction survey responses (Apr 2025). The spatiotemporal analysis combined origin-destination flow mapping, DBSCAN clustering (eps = 0.0025, min_samples = 20), and time-of-day decomposition. The satisfaction analysis applied factor analysis and a single-ordered logit model with 14 dummy-expanded covariates. The proportional-odds (PO) assumption was verified via the Brant Wald test and model-based likelihood-ratio test (Wolfe and Gould, 1998). Spatial analysis identified four demand clusters with only five noise points (0.1%) forming short-distance radial patterns toward urban-core nodes. Temporal decomposition distinguished commuter-peak clusters (8 AM, 6 PM) from afternoon life-service clusters. The ordered logit model achieved a McFadden pseudo R² of 0.4155 (LR χ²(14) = 607.47, p < 0.001), with PO assumption supported (Brant p = 0.969; omodel-LR p = 0.851) and all variance inflation factors below 2.7. Efficiency emerged as the strongest predictor (β = +1.040, OR = 2.83), followed by call-center service (OR = 2.18), comfort (OR = 1.77), and convenience (OR = 1.64). Driver service was insignificant due to a ceiling effect. School-trip users showed approximately half the satisfaction odds of daily-life travelers (OR = 0.48, p = 0.012). DRT user satisfaction is shaped by perceived service quality, particularly operational efficiency and customer-support responsiveness. The clusterspecific temporal heterogeneity and school-trip dissatisfaction effect point to two operational priorities: cluster-tailored dispatch frequencies aligned with each cluster's peak hours, and targeted enhancements during school commute windows. This study provides a transferable analytical framework for evaluating DRT services in spatially heterogeneous regions, and offers empirical evidence for data-driven DRT policy design in Korea's rural-urban mixed innovation cities.
1. 서론
2. 선행연구
2.1. DRT 수요의 공간·시간 구조 분석
2.2. DRT 운영 체계 및 이용자 만족도에 관한 연구
2.3. 기존 연구와의 차별성
3. 연구 방법론
3.1. 연구대상 및 자료
3.2. 공간·시간 패턴 분석 방법
3.3. 만족도 요인 및 회귀모형 설계
4. 분석 결과
4.1. 공간·시간 패턴 분석 결과
4.2. 다중공선성 진단 및 변수 선정
4.3. 순서형 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과
5. 결론 및 향후 연구과제
REFERENCES
