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동양의 전통 역법에서 승교점과 강교점 지시 용어의 변천에 대하여 - 서양 천문역법이 전래된 시헌력 성립의 과도기를 중심으로 - KCI 등재

A STUDY ON THE TERM FOR THE LUNAR NODES IN MEDIEVAL EAST ASIAN ASTRONOMICAL ALMANACS -FOCUSING ON THE TRANSITIONAL PERIOD WHEN THE SHIXIAN CALENDAR WAS ESTABLISHED-

강민정, 최승언, 양홍진
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천문학논총 (Publications of the Korean Astronomical Society)
한국천문학회 (Korean Astronomical Society)
초록

In the traditional East Asian astronomical–calendrical system, the lunar nodes were termed Jeong-gyo(正交) and Joong-gyo(中交), conventionally referring to the descending and ascending nodes respectively, with Jeong-gyo used as the computational starting point. In the late Ming dynasty of China, the introduction of Western astronomy and the formation of the Shixianli(時憲曆) system generated conceptual confusion, as the Western method of measuring the degree from the ascending node to the Moon is incompatible with the term of Jeong-gyo, because Jeong in the term means staring point. Through an analysis of pre-Shixianli calendrical treatises, this study demonstrates that the correspondence between Jeong-gyo and Nahoo(羅睺), and between Joong-gyo and Gyedo(計都), was long maintained, and that although the Ming translation of the Islamic calendrical system, the Huihuili(回回曆), employed only Nahoo and Kyedo, their meanings remained unchanged. By comparing the longitude of Jeong-gyo in the lunar mean-motion tables of the three major Shixian li treatises with modern astronomical calculations, this study shows that Jeong-gyo corresponds to the descending node in the Chongzhen Lishu(崇禎曆書) but to the ascending node in the Lixiang Kaocheng(曆象考成) onward. This shift reveals a transitional confusion state and the correspondence between Jeong-gyo and Nahoo was gradually dismantled. These findings clarify the transitional redefinition of calendrical terminology in the process of assimilating Western astronomy.

키워드
Historical calendarlunar nodesCalendrical terminologyChongzhen LishuLixiang KaochengJeong-gyoJoong-gyoNahooKyedo
목차
ABSTRACT
1. 서론
2. 시헌력 이전의 역법에서 승교점과 강교점 용어와 이칭
    2.1. 오대(五代) 시기 후주 흠천력의 정교와 중교
    2.2. 원나라 수시력 및 명나라 대통력의 정교와 중교
    2.3. 명나라 회회력(回回曆)의 나후와 계도
    2.4. 몽계필담의 교초와 교중
3. 숭정역서에 나타난 정교와 중교의 혼란
    3.1 월리표용법에서 달의 정교
    3.2 월리역지의 월천 형상에서 달의 정교
    3.3 정교와 중교 모순 해결을 위한 신법산서의 수정
4. 시헌력 역법서의 정교 위치와 현대 계산값 비교
    4.1 승교점 황경의 계산
    4.2 숭정역서의 예제와 표의 정교 경도 계산
    4.3 역상고성과 역상고성후편의 정교 경도 계산
5. 과도기의 혼란, 그리고 나후와 정교의 분리
    5.1 학역소변의 정교
    5.2 역상고성의 정교와 나후
    5.3 역상고성후편의 정교와 나후
    5.4 조선의 시헌력법서에서 정교와 나후
6. 결론
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
저자
  • 강민정(한국고전번역원) | MIN-JEONG KANG (Institute for the Translation of Korean Classics, Seoul 03310, Korea)
  • 최승언(서울대학교) | SEUNG-URN CHOE (Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea)
  • 양홍진(한국천문연구원, 과학기술연합대학원대학교) | HONG-JIN YANG (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daejeon 34055, Korea, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea) Corresponding author