This study explores the application of traditional Korean Jogakbo compositional principles to the development of contemporary zero-waste fashion products. Focusing on the repetitive geometric structures of triangles and squares found in Jogakbo, the study investigates their potential as a culturally grounded design methodology for sustainable fashion within the context of K-fashion. Based on a theoretical review of Jogakbo construction methods, triangular and square modular systems were derived and applied to the development of fashion bags using a 3D virtual design program. As a result, eight zero-waste bag designs were developed. The findings indicate that the geometric composition of Jogakbo is highly compatible with zero-waste pattern design. Triangular compositions enabled dynamic and flexible forms through directional variation and asymmetrical arrangements, resulting in visually diverse and sculptural structures, while square compositions generated stable and systematic forms based on grid-like arrangements, supporting structural balance and functional storage capacity. In addition, all designs were developed by systematically dividing and utilizing a single square fabric piece, demonstrating the potential for near-zero material waste through geometric pattern planning. The study further suggests that the modular application of Jogakbo compositional principles can serve as an effective design framework that integrates traditional Korean aesthetics with contemporary sustainability values. The 3D virtual design program facilitated efficient pattern development and visualization of three-dimensional forms prior to production. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that Jogakbo-inspired modular design can function as a valuable resource for sustainable fashion product development and contribute to strengthening the cultural identity and global competitiveness of K-fashion.