This study re-evaluates the South Korean pavilion at EXPO ’74 in Spokane, the world’s first environmentally themed specialized exposition, to elucidate the multifaceted layers and dynamics of early environmental discourse in the 1970s. While the 1960s and 70s are conventionally dismissed as an era dominated by authoritarian, pollution-inducing industrialization, this research uncovers a pivotal node where architectural and urban elites attempted to synthesize global ecological agendas with domestic narratives. Analyzing primary institutional reports, archives, and historical media records, this study identifies three critical dimensions within the pavilion’s environmental meaning. First, in terms of spatial art, architect Swoo-Geun Kim and his team transcended rigid modular constraints to construct a multi-sensory “field” composed of localized auditory and culinary elements, directly invoking the ambient environmentality previously experimented with at EXPO ’70. Second, lacking the technical infrastructure for an active ecological approach, the pavilion strategically substituted global agenda with indigenous "Tradition." By showcasing traditional landscapes like Gangsan-mujin-do, the exhibition presented a romanticized, harmonious view of nature as a cultural compensation for Western industrialization, an ideological trajectory that later formulated Kim’s architectural theory known as "Negativism." Third, the pavilion intertwined environmental conservation with the state’s burgeoning tourism industry by displaying "the First Comprehensive National Physical Development Plan", effectively transferring an ecological crisis into an instrument for national promotion. In conclusion, the EXPO ’74 Korean Pavilion reflects the complex limitations of a developing nation that recognized global environmental imperatives yet could not confront them directly. By historicizing this forgotten pavilion, this study establishes a foundational baseline for the lineage of modern environmental design discourse in Korea.

ABSTRACT
1. 서 론
    1-1. 연구의 배경과 목적
    1-2. 연구의 내용 및 방법
2. 1970년대의 환경 인식
    2-1. 개발시대의 글로벌 환경 담론
    2-2. 1960-70년대 한국의 공해와 환경
3. EXPO '74와 한국관
    3-1. 최초의 환경 전람회와 한국관
    3-2. 한국 참여의 배경
    3-3. 한국관 공간 및 전시 계획
4. 한국관에서 나타난 ’환경‘의 의미
    4-1. 공간 예술적 의미의 환경
    4-2. 전통으로 치환된 환경
    4-3. 관광과 환경보전
5. 결 론
참고문헌

• 이건일(서울대학교 건축학과 박사과정) | Lee Geon-Il
• 성종상(서울대학교 환경설계학과 교수, 공학박사) | Sung Jong-Sang
• 백진(서울대학교 건축학과 교수, 공학박사) | Baek Jin Corresponding author