The Kinematic GPS is well known to provide a quite good accuracy of positioning within an level. Although kinematic GPS assures high precision measurement on the basis of an appreciable distance between a reference station and an observational point, it has measurable distance restriction within 20 km from a reference station on land. Therefore, it is necessary to make out a simple and low-cost method to obtain accurate positioning information without distance restriction In this paper, the velocity integration method to get the precise velocity information of a ship is explained. The experimental results of Zig-zag maneuver and Williamson turn as the ship's maneuvering test, and other experimental results of ship's movement during leaving and entering the port with low speed were shown. From the experimental results, ship's course, speed and position are compared with those obtained by kinematic-GPS, velocity integration method and dead reckoning position using Gyro-compass and Doppler-log.

Chinese milkvetch(CM) has been cultivated as green manure source for environment friendly farming in southern area. This experiment was conducted to produce good quality rice through studying the changes of yield, quality and leaf colors as affected by the amount of CM biomass retuned to paddy field. We growed rice, transplanted in June 10 with cultivar dongjinilho, in four different plots retuned green manure with 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 ㎏ m-2 CM biomass in May 30. Nitrogen amounts were 5.5g by 1.5㎏CM biomass, 11.1g by 3.0㎏, and 16.6g by 4.5㎏ in late May. There were no different SPAD values among treatments in 10 days after transplanting. However, the more the CM biomass from 20 days after transplanting, the higher the SPAD values were. the plot of CM biomass to 3.0 ㎏ m-2 had same heading date but the plot of 4.5 ㎏ m-2 was one day late heading date as compared with the others. There were no different plant height, number of panicle, panicle length, number of leaf and ripening ratio among the CM biomass amounts. The higher the CM biomass amount, the more likely the plant was lodge. the plot retuned CM fresh biomass 1.5 ㎏ m-2 showed the higher rice yield than the plot retuned 3.0 and 4.5 ㎏ m-2 in 2006, but all plots had similar rice yields in 2007. There was no different whiteness of rice among all treatments . The more the CM biomass amount retuned to plot, the higher the protein content of rice.

Reductions in the ozone column have led to substantial increase in UV-B radiation at the Earth's surface with the amount and intensity dependent on atmospheric and geographic factors. Our objectives were to understand the effect of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and carbohydrate synthesis of soybean, and to establish an indicator to select resistant soybean cultivar against UV-B radiation. Soybean seeds (cv. Daepungkong) were sown and grown for 4 weeks in an environmentally controlled chamber. UV-B radiation was delivered to plants for four hours, each day, from 10:00 to 14:00 h by five fluorescent UV lamps. A distance of 1 m from lamps to the top of plants was always maintained throughout the experiment. The biologically effective UV-B radiation level was 21.6 kJ m-2 d-1 using the generalized plant responses action spectrum normalized at 300 nm. The damage of soybean leaves was optically observed at the second day of UV-B radiation, and leaf veins were first injured. Photosynthetic rate was reduced after 2 days of UV-B radiation, and, at 5 days, it was a half level (6.3 μmol m-2 s-1) compared with control (12.1 μmol m-2 s-1). UV-B radiation led to the reduction of stomatal conductance around 5 days of treatment. The decrease in stomatal conductance means the reduction of leaf transpiration and the influx of carbon dioxide. Also, the reduction of photosynthetic rate caused an accumulation of the intercellular carbon dioxide. It is suggested that photosynthetic characteristics can be used an indicator to select UV-B-resistant soybean cultivar.

A new deep red colored standard rose (Rosa hybrida Hort.) cultivar, `Best Red' was developed at the Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extention Services (JARES). Seedling and line selection were conducted in 2003 and its characteristics were examined three times from 2004 to 2006. 'Best Red' which was obtained by cross between 'Vital' and 'Cardinal'. It shows a red group color (RHS No. 46C), medium fragrance, and standard flower with good harmony between ray floret and flower center. The upper stem is moderate curved. The average yield during 2004-2006 was 111 stems/m2. Its vase life was 10 days. This cultivar was registered as a commercial cultivar in 2007. It is suitable for greenhouses in all regions in Korea and will be released to farmers in 2009.