The studies on activated carbon prepared from walnut shell and groundnut shell were undertaken to ascertain the effect of initial state of precursor and activation process on the development of porosity in the resulting activated carbon. Walnut shell based carbon shows the presence of cellular pores while Groundnut shell based carbon shows fibrillar pore structure. The adsorption parameters, characterization of product and scanning electron microscopic studies carried out showed the presence of mainly Micro, Meso and Macro porosity in carbon prepared from Walnut shell while mainly micro porosity was observed in Groundnut shell based activated carbon. An interrelationship between the adsorption efficiency and porosity in terms of quality control parameters, for before and after activation, was validated through the scanning electron microscopic data.

New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), in collaboration with the University of Hawaii (UH), is upgrading Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) by replacing its principal, 65 cm aperture telescope with a modern, off-axis 1.6 m clear aperture instrument from a 1.7 m blank. The new telescope offers a significant incremental improvement in ground-based infrared and high angular resolution capabilities, and enhances our continuing program to understand photospheric magneto-convection and chromospheric dynamics. These are the drivers for what is broadly called space weather - an important problem, which impacts human technologies and life on earth. This New Solar Telescope (NST) will use the existing BBSO pedestal, pier and observatory building, which will be modified to accept the larger open telescope structure. It will be operated together with our 10 inch (for larger field-of-view vector magnetograms, Ca II K and Ha observations) and Singer-Link (full disk Hα, Ca II K and white light) synoptic telescopes. The NST optical and software control design will be similar to the existing SOLARC (UH) and the planned Advanced Technology Solar Telescope (ATST) facility led by the National Solar Observatory (NSO) - all three are off-axis designs. The NST will be available to guest observers and will continue BBSO's open data policy. The polishing of the primary will be done in partnership with the University of Arizona Mirror Lab, where their proof-of-concept for figuring 8 m pieces of 20 m nighttime telescopes will be the NST's primary mirror. We plan for the NST's first light in late 2005. This new telescope will be the largest aperture solar telescope, and the largest aperture off-axis telescope, located in one of the best observing sites. It will enable new, cutting edge science. The scientific results will be extremely important to space weather and global climate change research.

In order to increase the completeness of the investigations of stellar abundances, we can use spectrum synthesis method, new atomic data and observation of stellar spectra with resolution comparable to solar spectral atlases. We made a brief review of main problems of these three ways. We present new results of abundance determinations in the atmospheres of four stars. The first is the implementation of new atomic data to well known Przybylski's star. We show that the number of spectral lines, which can be identificated in the spectrum of this star, can be significantly higher. The second example is the investigation of ʃ Cyg. We found the abundances of 51 elements in the atmosphere of this mild barium star. The third example is halo star HD221170. Our preliminary abundance pattern consists of 42 elements. The heaviest elements in this pattern are U and Th. The last star is the spectroscopic binary HD153720. The number of elements investigated in the spectra of components of this star is not large, but the results show that the components are Am-stars.

Recent developments in nanocrystalline and nanocomposite rare earth-transition metal magnets are reviewed and emphasis is placed on research work at IFW Dresden. Principal synthesis methods include high energy ball milling, melt spinning, mold casting and hydrogen assisted methods such as reactive milling and hydrogenation-disproportionation-desorption-recombination. These techniques are applied to NdFeB-, PrFeB- and SmCo-type systems with the aim to produce high remanence magnets with high coercivity. Concepts of maximizing the energy density in nanostructured magnets by either inducing a texture via anisotropic HDDR or hot deformation or enhancing the remanence via magnetic exchange coupling are evaluated. With respect to high temperature applications melt spun ribbons were prepared, which showed coercivities of up to 0.53 T at 50. Partially amorphous alloys were prepared by copper mold casting. The effect of transition metal content on the glass-forming ability and the magnetic properties was investigated. The alloy exhibits an amorphous structure shown by the corresponding diffraction pattern. A small substitution of Co by 2.5 at.% Fe results In the formation of Fe-rich crystallites embedded in the Nd-rich amorphous matrix. The Fe-rich crystallites show hard magnetic behaviour at room temperature with a coercivity value of about 0.4 T, relatively low saturation magnetization and a Curie temperature of 500 K.

본 연구는 강직성 편측 뇌성마비 환자의 보행 기시(gait initiation)의 특성을 파악하고, 동적 단하지 보조기(dynamic ankle foot orthosis : DAFO)가 이런 환자들의 보행 기시에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 연구대상자는 19세 선천성 강직성 우측 뇌성마비를 가진 여자 대학생이었다. 연구대상자는 4개의 다른 보행 기시 조건에서 각 조건당 7회의 보행 기시를 하였는데, 각각의 보행 기시 조건은: 1) 보조기

Solar IR spectra have been utilised by us to derive log gf values for atomic lines due to 17 chemical elements. in the J and H bands, i.e. in the wavelength ranges 1.00 - 1.34 μm and 1.49 - 1.80 μm respectively. The observed central line depths were based on the FTS atlases published at. Liege and KPNO. We also reprot new log gf values for 51 lines for which neither theoretical nor experimental values are available till date.

Multi-wavelength observing has been particularly fruitful in cool star research. There have been some well-observed examples, eg AB Dor, though ambiguity remains. This raises issues of data information content and model parameter determinacy, which are examined firstly in an optical context. We then widen the discussion to show how multi-site and multi-wavelength data can be combined to point to better constrained models. Particular cases, involving near-simultaneous radiometry and photometry, are discussed to clarify such modelling.

This paper deals with steady-state gravitational potentials of nonaxisymmetric three dimensional systems which rotate with a constant angular velocity. For these systems a class of potentials with local integrals has been found.

담배포장에서 담배나방의 발생은 조식 및 만식 재배구 모두에서 2 또는 3개의 뚜렷한 최성기를 보였다. 반면에 Campoleitis chlorideae는 담배 조식구에서는 담배나방의 두번째 최성기 직후 짧은 기간동안 발생하였으며 만식구에서는 담배나방 유웅이 존재하는 한 발생하였다. 만식구에서의 담배나방 발생은 조식구에서보다 많았다. 4가지 담배 품종중 NC-744에서 담배나방 유충의 발생이 비교적 컸다. 그러나, 기생벌의 발생은 Burley-21과 NC-82에서 많았다. 담배나방 유충의 포장에서의 인위적인 방사 및 재포획법에 의한 결과는 C. chlorideae의 활동은 6월말부터 9월초까지 보였으며 7월초 부터 8월말까지는 비교적 높은 밀도로 발생하였다. C. chlorideae의 담배나방에 대한 생물적방제 수단으로서의 가치평가를 위한 포장내 소규모 케이지 실험결과 방사밀도가 높을수록(암컷 4마리/2 ) 유충기생률이 높고(86.1%) 담배잎의 피해는 감소함을 보였다.(8.7%) 무처리구에서의 담배잎의 피해는 상당히 높았으며(23.2%) 살충제처리구에서 피해가 가장 낮았다.(1.6%)

For more than a decade components of low alloy iron powder with nickel and/or molybdenum for general engineering applications have been manufactured from powder metal. In the time to come such PM steel components will gain increasing significance. Because of various manufacturing difficulties they are mostly produced in two separate steps - sintering and hardening - which means high energy and labour requirements. The paper describes how such PM components are produced in just one run through a conveyor belt furnace with automatic atmosphere control and gas quenching zone. Energy and labour costs are low and reproducible quality is exceilent. The mechanical properties obtained with some powder alloys are presented as well.

A rover is a planetary surface exploration device designed to move across the ground on a planet or a planetary-like body. Exploration rovers are increasingly becoming a vital part of the search for scientific evidence and discoveries on a planetary satellite of the Sun, such as the Moon or Mars. Reliable behavior and predictable locomotion of a rover is important. Understanding soil behavior and its interaction with rover wheels—the terramechanics—is of great importance in rover exploration performance. Up to now, many researchers have adopted Bekker’s semiempirical model to predict rover wheelsoil interaction, which is based on the assumption that soil is deformable when a pressure is applied to it. Despite this basic assumption of the model, the pressure-sinkage relation is not fully understood, and it continues to present challenges for rover designers. This article presents a new pressure-sinkage model based on dimensional analysis (DA) and results of bevameter tests. DA was applied to the test results in order to propose a new pressure-sinkage model by reducing physical quantitative parameters. As part of the work, a new bevameter was designed and built so that it could be successfully used to obtain a proper pressure-sinkage relation of Korean Lunar Soil Simulant (KLS-1). The new pressure-sinkage model was constructed by using three different sizes of flat plate diameters of the bevameter. The newly proposed model was compared successfully with other models for validation purposes.

NPF Islamic banking needs to be resolved because it affects banking performance in terms of income and the quality of its productive assets. This study aims to solve problems of non-performing financing and assess and analyze whether the implementation of the Islamic Humanity model can reduce the problem of financing at Bank Syariah Mandiri Indonesia. The study uses qualitative method with Miles and Huberman approach for analizing data through four steps which are; (a) data collection (b) data reduction (c) data display, and (d) conclusion drawing/ verification. The results of the study found non performing financing can be reduced with using a new approach namely the Islamic Humanity Approach, which is an interaction between several aspects, namely (a) spiritual aspects, (b) economic aspects, (c) social aspects, and (d) justice aspects. The Islamic humanity model carried out in problem-solving activities at Bank Syariah Mandiri Indonesia includes a friendly approach, communication and deliberation in a family, respect for people, empathy, the concept of justice, and the concept of prayer. Islamic humanity approach shows success in reducing non-performing financing. The research concluded Islamic humanity as a new approach to reduce non-performing financing at Bank Syariah Mandiri Indonesia and it can be implemented to all Islamic banking in Indonesia.

The purpose of this research aims to develop the creative economy sector of rural communities in Trenggalek Regency, East Java, Indonesia by mapping the creative economy sub-sectors in Trenggalek Regency. The creative economy industry has been shown to have a positive effect on GDP in many developing countries and developed countries. In urban areas, the creative economy is often associated with the development of advanced technology, such that it is unlikely to evolve in rural communities. However, the rural environmental landscape, which not only has a wealth of creative human capital but also a cultural heritage, also encourages the growth of the creative economy sector in rural areas. This qualitative research was conducted for 60 working days through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observation and literature review. More precisely, first, it identified the potential of the creative economy both sectorally and regionally. Second, it identified the leading creative economy subsectors and compiled a creative economic development road map. After defining and mapping the potential of the creative economy, four of the sixteen sub-sectors of the creative economy were identified to be developed through a strategic plan for the growth of the creative economy using urban branding, innovative industrial centers and renewable resources.

This paper aims to provide a review concept regarding the relationship between corporate governance and corporate sustainability in Indonesia. This paper examines the mechanisms and guidelines for implementing good corporate governance. This research used the literature review method and explores some effective corporate governance principles such as transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, fairness, and equality to achieve business sustainability in Indonesia’s setting. The results show that good corporate governance regulation in Indonesia has been improved, but the enforcement is still needed to be optimized because good corporate governance will positively impact corporate sustainability. Thus, sustainability requires more corporate innovation because sustainability is about how a company can create profits and value-added to society through corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs and how the company can contribute to the preservation of nature and the environment. In Indonesia, the board of directors, the board of commissioners, and the audit committees are positively related to CSR disclosure. Thus, leadership and management efforts are crucial. However, to comprehensively support the synergy of implementing good corporate governance, we need the role of the state, the business community, and society. This study provides important insights into the implementation of good corporate governance in achieving corporate sustainability in Indonesia.