Traditional culture contributes to the diversification of modern fashion design and the inheritance of local cultural identity. This study aims to identify the characteristics of traditional handicrafts reflected in modern fashion design in India. For this purpose, it focused on Sabyasachi Mukherjee, Manish Malhotra, and Ritu Kumar, who are currently leading the Indian fashion design field. The methodology involved conducting literature research and analyzing case studies. In the literature, the techniques of Indian traditional crafts such as embroidery, dyeing, and weaving were examined and five design elements of traditional crafts were defined. Through content analysis of 30 images from the three designers’ Instagram accounts, the design characteristics of traditional handicrafts expressed in contemporary Indian fashion design were derived: cultural inheritance using traditional Indian clothing items, traditional materials and practices applied to contemporary clothing, craftsmanship that artistically improves complex details using embroidery techniques, various combinations based on the traditional meaning of colors, and narrative expression using patterns containing India’s cultural identity. Incorporating these traditional handicrafts into fashion design, closely linked to everyday life, aids in conveying and enhancing their significance. The cases demonstrate the successful integration of conservation into contemporary fashion design. This study sheds light on the application of traditional culture in modern fashion design.

This study examined whether the perceptions of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and individual and environmental factors related to healthy eating changed after the COVID-19 pandemic among adults living in Daqing, China. Data were collected through two rounds of online surveys conducted from April to May 2021 and from March to April 2023, using a questionnaire previously validated for use in Daqing. Using the snowball sampling method, 571 adult participants were recruited, most of whom were Daqing oilfield workers or members of their families. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine if the differences in the perceptions of the TPB and dietary environments exist during and after the pandemic after controlling for potential confounders. Scores of several subcomponents of TPB and mean scores of longterm intentions increased but scores of subcomponents and overall mean of motivation decreased after the outbreak. Multiple linear regression showed that only motivation for healthy eating decreased after the pandemic. Influenced by the pandemic, people increased their healthy eating behaviors. Nevertheless, as the pandemic subsided and the pace of life accelerated, people tended to choose convenient foods over healthy options. Consequently, the motivation for healthy eating has declined post-pandemic compared to during the pandemic.

Pollination is an important ecosystem service mostly provided by diversity of pollinating insects and other animals. As in the anthropocene biodiversity crisis with the climate change, pollination systems are experiencing strongly challenged such as pollinator diversity and abundance decline, pollinator health weakness, pollinator-plant network instability as well as the crop-pollinator habitat fragmentation and insuitability. Here we present some research progress conducted from our group in the last decade. As the pollination dependence of Korean agriculture increases, pollination contribute ap. one forth of national agricultural production, and is responsible substantial portion of vitamin and mineral provisioning. Pollinator diversity is declining in various crop systems and network connectivity is decreasing. Still in agricultural landscape, honeybee (Apis spp) is the main pollinator, accounting ap. 70% of bees, and showed the possible resource partitioning between the native, A. cerana and the introduced, A. mellifera. Simulation of crop-pollinating insect distribution suitability showed up and down directional responses, but more on the negative Further research area for better understanding and stabilizing the plant-pollinator system was proposed.

서식반경이 좁고 개체수가 감소하는 경향을 보이고 있어 멸종위기 종으로 지정된 뚱보주름메뚜기(Haplotropis brunneriana Saussure 1888)를 대상으로 개체군 추이와 적절한 모니터링 방법을 확인하기 위해 방형구법과 선조 사법을 이용하여 밀도 조사를 수행하였다. 뚱보주름메뚜기에 대한 조사 자료가 부족하여 먼저 방형구법을 이용 하여 2021년 3월부터 6월까지 월 1회 서식지 내 개체군 밀도를 확인한 결과 6개체/100㎡(3월), 2개체/100㎡(5, 6월)로 각각 영월과 제천에서 가장 많은 개체가 확인되었고, 지역 간에 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다(p > 0.05). 선조사법을 이용하여 2022년 3월부터 6월까지 월 3회 개체군 밀도를 확인한 결과 1.5(±0.79)개체/100㎡, 0.76(±0.11)개체/100㎡로 각각 영월과 제천에서 4월에 가장 많은 개체가 확인되었고, 지역 간에 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다(p > 0.05). 조사 방법에 따라 시기와 면적에 차이가 있어 이 두 방법을 정확히 비교할 수 없으나, 공통 적으로 3, 4월 약충 시기에 많은 개체가 확인되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Field surveys were conducted to collect and refine "Natural resource survey" and ecosystem research data of 23 National parks in South Korea, including Hallasan on Jeju Island and Palgongsan newly designated as national park in 2023. Among the collected data, a total of 1,538 species from 54 families of Hymenoptera insects were recorded. Within these families, the largest number of species was recorded in the family Ichneumonidae with 514 species, followed by Formicidae (118 species), Braconidae (112 species), and Tenthredinidae (135 species), exhibiting relatively high species diversity. Among the National parks, Jirisan, the first designated National park in South Korea with a relatively large area compared to other parks, recorded the highest species diversity with 618 species, while Taebaeksan recorded relatively low species diversity with 77 species. Correlation analysis between the number of Hymenoptera species and other factors revealed a statistically significant and relatively strong positive correlation (P > 0.005, R = 0.864) with the total number of insects, and a statistically significant but relatively weak positive correlation (P > 0.005, R = 0.615) with the park's area.

The genus Campylomyza Meigen, 1818, from the Micromyinae subfamily of the Cecidomyiidae, includes 40 known species globally. The genus Campylomyza has been primarily studied within the Palearctic region, with 39 species, 2 from the Nearctic region, and 1 from the Oriental region. As of now, four species have been documented in Korea: Campylomyza appendiculata, C. flavipes, C. furva, and C. spinata. Our research from 2017 to 2020 uncovered five previously unreported species in Korea (C. abjecta, C. aborigena, C. cornuta, C. cavitata, and C. cingulata) and introduces seven new species (C. angusta sp. nov., C. ambulata sp. nov., C. convexa sp. nov., C. cornigera sp. nov., C. hori sp. nov., C. odae sp. nov., and C. yeongyangensis sp. nov.). These findings are based on morphological evidence and DNA analysis. We present comprehensive data, including the mitochondrial COI sequences, diagnoses, detailed descriptions, and identification keys for these species. This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea.

The genus Helictes is a small group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 11 species from worldwide, most species from the Palaearctic region, four species from the Nearctic, and two species from the Neotropical region. This subfamily is wide morphological variation between genera but most are readily recognizable as orthocentrines. They are generally small sized, clypeus strongly convex and malar space long. Among them, this genus is reported for the first time from South Korea. In this study, description, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

Spodoptera frugiperda, commonly known as the fall armyworm (FAW), is a major pest across the globe due to its broad host range and distribution worldwide. We investigated the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the detoxification of insecticides, with a specific focus on its susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole which is widely utilized insecticide for its management. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules, crucial for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. This study aims to elucidate the impact of these miRNAs on the expression of cytochrome P450 genes, which play a significant role in conferring insecticide resistance. We identified notable changes in the abundance of two specific miRNAs, sfr-miR-10465-5p and sfr-miR- 10476-5p through RNA sequencing, after chlorantraniliprole exposure. These miRNAs exhibited significantly high expression in the fat body tissue, while showing relatively lower expression in the head, midgut, and malpighian tubules. Further analysis suggested that these miRNAs might target specific cytochrome P450 genes, like CYP4C1 and CYP4C21, which are known to play a role in insecticide resistance development. Experimentation with miRNA mimics through microinjection revealed a notable increase in the survival rates of S. frugiperda larvae when subjected to chlorantraniliprole exposure, with a significant reduction in CYP4C1 and CYP4C21 gene expression levels. This suggests a direct connection between the miRNAs and the increased tolerance of Spodoptera larvae to the insecticide. Our research presents the complex function of miRNAs in gene expression regulation related to insecticide resistance, offering valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of chlorantraniliprole resistance in S. frugiperda. These findings pave the way for further investigations into miRNA roles and their potential in managing pesticide resistance in agricultural pests.

The moth species and bugs are highly polyphagous that feed on a wide range of field and vegetables crops, including soybean in Korea. The monitoring study was conducted in soybean fields in Southern area Miryang from 2021-2023. Commercial funnel and rocket traps housing species-specific baiting with pheromone were used for monitoring of moth species (Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera litura, Agrotis ipsilon, Helicoverpa armigera, Ostrinia furncalis, Spodoptera exigua, and Mythimna separata) and bean bugs (Riptortus pedestris), respectively. The higher number of Spodoptera species (S. litura and S. exigua) were captured in August to September with several seasonal population peaks. The higher number of R. pedestris was captured in July to September. Climatic components were found as critical and influential factors in the population dynamics of moth species and bean bug. The population information of this study can be used to understand the spring emergence along with number of generations, and integrated into management programs of moths and bugs.

The genus Megastylus is a moderate group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 38 species in two subgenera from worldwide. The subfamily Orthocentrinae is a high proportion of the genera are cosmopolitan in distribution. Orthocentrines are known as almost solitary koinobiont endoparasitoids. We report this genus for the first time from South Korea. In this study, descriptions of some new species, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

겨울과 같은 환경에서 곤충은 생존과 번성을 위해 생리학적, 생화학적 및 행동적 메커니즘을 이용하고 있다. 대부분의 곤충은 생리학적 적응가운데 급속내한성(Rapid cold hardiness, RCH) 유기를 통해 기온이 급격히 낮아 지는 외부 환경에 대해 빠르게 적응하고 저온조건에서 생존율을 높인다. 열대거세미나방의 경우 행동적 메커니 즘을 통해 따뜻한 곳을 찾아 장거리 비행을 하며, 생존에 유리한 환경으로 이동한다. 본 연구에서는 열대거세미나 방의 생리적 월동능력과 RCH 능력에 관해 조사하였다. 그 결과, RCH에 의해 혈중 글리세롤의 농도가 증가와 체내빙결점이 하강하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, RCH(-10℃, 1h)에 노출된 2령 유충기를 대상으로 4령과 5령 유충기에 단기저온(5℃, 30min)에 노출 시 글리세롤 생합성에 관여하는 유전자(glycerol kinase 1, 2)의 발현이 RCH에 노출되지 않은 대조구와 비교하여 빠르게 발현되었다. 이는, 열대거세미나방의 유전자 수준에서 저온에 대한 단기기억이 존재하는 것을 제시한다.

In countries without strong biosecurity systems, Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium poses a continuing threat to agriculture. Even when quarantine laws exist, the risk is greater if one of the world's most serious pests becomes introduced to imported stored grain. The rate of Khapra beetles introduced is rising sharply with increased transport, trade, travel, and tourism between countries and continents. Species identification is usually the key to success in Khapra beetle control programs. Countries that export/import grains, such as Australia, Canada, Russia, Korea and USA, must ensure that their ports, grain storage facilities, and transportation systems are free of khapra beetle. Researchers so far developed effective quarantine treatments and eradication strategies to deal with khapra beetle infestations that occur upon import at inland port. Khapra beetle introductions are likely to be impacted by a variety of factors, including trade flow and quarantine laws. In this study, we provide an overview of the current global quarantine laws, invasions of khapra beetle, and its control strategies.

Numerous Dermestidae insects are considered significant pests because of their capacity to inflict substantial economic harm on stored food items. Trogoderma and Attagenus genera members are commonly discovered in imported grain and other food products. Usually, infestations of these species consist of various species that reproduce quickly and spread effortlessly. The small size of Attagenus and Trogoderma stored-product stages makes it extremely challenging to identify them based on their morphological characteristics. Hence, it is imperative to have precise identification techniques in place to ensure the safety and dependability of the grain industry, as well as to streamline efficient plant quarantine measures. Various molecular methods have been employed for insect species identification, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), DNA sequence analysis, and species-specific primer PCR (SS-PCR) techniques. Despite the considerable focus on quickly identifying these species in stored products in recent years, there is a notable absence of systematic molecular identification. This research highlights the use of genetic techniques to differentiate between Trogoderma and Attagenus species.

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, has developed extremely high levels of resistance to chlorantraniliprole and other classes of insecticides in the field. As microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in various biological processes through gene regulation. we examined the miRNA profile of S. frugiperda in response to Chlorantraniliprole, Indoxacarb and Thiamethoxam. Transcriptome analysis showed significant changes in the abundance of some miRNAs after treatment of S. frugiperda larvae with LC20 concentrations of three insecticides. A total of 197 miRNAs were systematically identified from S. frugiperda, and 16, 9, 2 miRNAs were differentially expressed after treatments of three insecticides. Importantly, three miRNAs were significantly downregulated and three were upregulated by RT-qPCR after treatment the LC50 of three insecticides with S. frugiperda larvae. Microinjection of agomirs of these six miRNAs into S. frugiperda larvae resulted in significant changes in mortality rates when exposed to three insecticides. Additionally, we also screened potential target genes for some of differentially expressed miRNAs, which may play important roles in insecticide resistance development. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance and underscore the potential of miRNAs as targets for the development of novel pest control strategies in S. frugiperda.

최근 국제적인 기후변화로 인해 다양한 산림해충들이 새로운 국가 또는 인접한 지역으로의 분포 확대가 증가 하고 있는 추세이다. 국내외의 대표적인 산림해충 분류군인 나무좀아과와 하늘소과에는 넓은 기주식물 범위를 가지고 있어 산림 생태계에 직간접적으로 피해를 야기하는 종들이 다수 포함되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 2023년 5월부터 10월까지 남북 접경지(강원 철원군, 양구군, 고성군) 내 혼합림에서 린드그렌 퍼넬 트랩(Lindgren funnel trap)을 활용하여 4가지 유인제(Ipsenol, Ipsedienol, Alpha-pinene, Monochamol) 조건별 나무좀류와 하늘소류의 유인효과와 시기별 발생 양상을 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 나무좀아과는 총 26속 45종 7,743개체, 하늘소과는 총 35속 42종 649개체를 확인하였다. 본 발표에서는 남북 접경지에서의 시기별, 지역별 나무좀류와 하늘소류 발생 양상과 4가지 유인제별 효과에 대한 결과를 보고한다.

As new AI techniques are developed and various types of big data accumulated, new approaches for pest management are also being attempted. Various spatio-temporal scale big data are being accumulated, and attempts are being made to utilize them to classify target objects and analyze their characteristics. Remote sensing data is widely used across various fields, and is being measured, stored, and shared in diverse formats. Hyperspectral imaging and satellite data are ecologically relevant big data, with distinct formats and potential applications. We will introduce real-world AI examples of utilizing hyperspectral image analysis, as well as estimating pest population density using satellite data.