Dunhuang dance is one of the Chinese classical dance genres, and it is the dance with the most ethnic characteristics in the history of ancient Chinese dance. Incorporating the characteristics of the folk dance of the ancient Western Regions countries, and at the same time having a strong Buddhist color, it shows the ancient Chinese music and dance art, directly or indirectly reflects the living conditions of the ancient people, and contains the form and characteristics of ancient Chinese dances, and Chinese culture and history for more than a thousand years. Dunhuang frescoes preserve a large amount of ancient dance materials, which provide inspiration for contemporary dancers. Through the research and re-creation of Dunhuang mural dances, the dancers reproduced the dance costumes and music of ancient Dunhuang dances and enriched the content of contemporary Dunhuang dance works. However, there are not many academic studies on Dunhuang dance, especially in recent years, the research on the representative work of Dunhuang dance "Yuanqidunhuang" is unprecedented. "Yuanqidunhuang" looks at the creative inheritance of Dunhuang dance, and hopes to contribute to the development of related fields in the future through the systematic analysis of "Yuanqidunhuang". Therefore, this research takes the historical development of Dunhuang dance as a clue, through literature research, case studies, and video research on the Dunhuang dance "Yuanqidunhuang" created and performed in 2015. The characteristics of the work of "Yuanqidunhuang" are the background of its creation. Analyze characteristics, form and content, music, costumes, props, actions, etc. It is hoped that through this research, we can further understand Dunhuang dance, including the long history and rich meaning of Dunhuang culture, and ultimately contribute to the inheritance and development of Dunhuang dance.