The handwritten copy of the Ishinpō in the “Gohon - Nakarai family’s edition” in Japan contains a large number of marginal notes on phonetic notations and semantic explanations quoted from Chinese dictionaries. It is an important material for studying the overseas dissemination of Chinese characters and their usage forms in the Middle Ages. This article selects the second volume of this handwritten copy as the main research object. Combining the content of the marginal notes with the materials of character books in different dynasties, it conducts in-depth textual research and verification on difficult characters or semantic explanations such as Xin ( ), Huang (䀮), Chi (瘛), Zhi (𣛰), Liao (𢨺), Nao (臑), Luo (濼) and XieYi (解㑊) that appear in the marginal notes, and clarifies that Xin ( ) is the vulgar form of Xin (囟), Huang (䀮) is a character with the sound component replaced for Mang (盲), the original form of Chi (瘛) is Chi (𤸪), Zhi (𣛰) is a miswritten form of Zhi (榰), Liao (𢨺) should originally be Liao (窌) and should be distinguished from Liao (髎), the original form of Nao (臑) is Er (胹), and there is also a cognate character Ruan (腝), Luo (濼) is a part of XiaoLuo (消濼), this word should be the abbreviated form of XiaoYinLuo (消淫濼) and can be interpreted as meaning “to eliminate soreness and weakness”, and XieYi (解㑊) is a variant writing of XieYi (懈伿), and Yi (㑊) is a later variant of Yi (伿).