PURPOSES: In this study, a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) model for airport concrete pavement was developed using the commercial program ABAQUS. Users can select an analysis method and set the range of input parameters to reflect actual conditions such as environmental loading.METHODS : The geometrical shape of the FEA model was chosen by considering the concrete pavement located in the third-stage construction site of Incheon International Airport. Incompatible eight-node elements were used for the FEA model. Laboratory test results for the concrete specimens fabricated at the construction site were used as material properties of the concrete slab. The material properties of the cement-treated base suggested by the Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) manual were used as those of the lean concrete subbase. In addition, preceding studies and pavement evaluation reports of Incheon International Airport were referred for the material properties of asphalt base and subgrade. The kinetic friction coefficient between the concrete slab and asphalt base acquired from a preceding study was used for the friction coefficient between the layers. A nonlinear temperature gradient according to slab depth was used as an input parameter of environmental loading, and a quasistatic method was used to analyze traffic loading. The average load transfer efficiency obtained from an Heavy falling Weight Deflectomete(HWD) test was converted to a spring constant between adjacent slabs to be used as an input parameter. The reliability of the FEA model developed in this study was verified by comparing its analysis results to those of the FEAFAA model.RESULTS : A series of analyses were performed for environmental loading, traffic loading, and combined loading by using both the model developed in this study and the FEAFAA model under the same conditions. The stresses of the concrete slab obtained by both analysis models were almost the same. An HWD test was simulated and analyzed using the FEA model developed in this study. As a result, the actual deflections at the center, mid-edge, and corner of the slab caused by the HWD loading were similar to those obtained by the analysis.CONCLUSIONS : The FEA model developed in this study was judged to be utilized sufficiently in the prediction of behavior of airport concrete pavement.

PURPOSES : One of the main components of road projects funded by the Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF) is the improvement or rehabilitation of existing pavements. The result is that pavement structures are critical to the success of a project. There is, however, no design standard available at present that reflects a region's specific features including climate conditions and quality of pavement materials. For this reason, a comparative study of the major EDCF borrowers' flexible pavement design standards was conducted. This study led to the proposal of a new method for applying flexible pavement designs which can be used for EDCF-funded projects in Asia. METHODS : The method has been produced by adjusting some input data of the "AASHTO Interim Guide for Design of Pavement Structures" in accordance with certain Asian countries' geometrical features, tropical and subtropical weather, and strength of pavement materials. The Philippine regional factors, having five different grades, have been selected after taking into consideration the amount of rainfall, strength of pavement materials, and characteristics of the Asia and Pacific regions. Structural layer coefficients have been prepared for two different regions according to the geometric difference between Southeast and Southwest Asia. The Philippine and Sri Lankan coefficients have been used for Southeast Asia and Southwest Asia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : Owing to applying this new method, it was verified that the thickness of the pavement was underestimated by between 11 cm and 16 cm compared with the originally designed thickness. Having discovered that the use of the Korean and Americanoriented factors and coefficients is not appropriate for other Asian countries, the new method is expected to enhance the quality of pavement in future projects.

최근 공항 콘크리트 포장의 설계법은 경험적 설계법에서 역학적 설계법으로 변하고 있다. 하지만 다양 한 환경조건과 파손의 불확실한 예측 등의 이유 때문에 완벽한 역학적 설계방법은 개발되지 못하였고, 축 적된 경험에 공학적 개념을 결합한 역학적-경험적 설계방법이 개발되고 있다. 최근 미연방항공청(FAA) 에서는 역학적-경험적 설계방법인 FAA-6E를 제시하였지만 이는 각종 항공기의 제원 및 다양한 포장층 의 물성 등 많은 입력 변수가 필요하여 편리성이 떨어지며 환경하중을 고려하지 못하는 치명적인 단점이 있다(FAA, 2009). 따라서 최근 환경하중을 고려하기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 특히 국내에서 는 박주영 외(2014)가 국내 기후 조건을 지역별로 고려하여 콘크리트 포장의 환경하중을 정량화하였다. 본 연구에서는 지역별 환경하중과 D (Dual) 기어에 의한 교통하중에 의한 공항 콘크리트 포장의 응력 회귀모형 및 설계방법을 개발하였다. 먼저, 환경하중과 D기어가 동시에 재하 될 때 슬래브에 발생하는 최 대인장응력의 위치와 크기를 확인하기 위해 유한요소해석 프로그램인 FEAFAA 2.0을 사용하여 해석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 기존 교통하중만으로 해석하였을 때와 큰 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 응력회귀모 형의 독립변수를 선정하기 위해 가능한 변수에 대한 민감도 분석을 실시하고 통계프로그램인 SPSS를 사 용하여 다중회귀분석을 실시하여 응력회귀모형을 개발하였다. 개발된 응력회귀모형은 환경하중을 고려하 여 응력을 계산하기 때문에 기존의 항공기 하중만으로 계산된 응력과 큰 차이가 있었다. 이러한 차이로 인해 기존의 피로모형을 그대로 이용할 경우 매우 다른 설계수명이 예측되었다. 따라서 미연방항공청 (FAA)에서 최근 개발된 FAA AC 150/5320-6E 설계법 피로모형의 응력보정계수를 Brill(2010)이 제시한 최소제곱법으로 보정한 수정 FAA AC 150/5320-6E 피로모형을 개발하였다. 기존에 FAA AC 150/5320-6D 방법으로 설계된 여수공항의 콘크리트 포장은 본 연구의 결과를 적용할 경우 동일한 줄눈 간격에서는 두께가 감소하고 동일한 두께에서는 줄눈간격이 증가하였다. D 기어로 설계된 외국 콘 크리트 포장의 자료를 추가하여 피로모형을 보정할 경우 더욱 합리적인 설계가 될 것으로 예상된다.