Background : The Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual plant of African and Indian origin. and there are a lot of flavonoids in the leaves. To determine the most suitable method for extracting of Kenaf cosmetic ingredients, the data of changes in polyphenol, flavonoid contents and DPPH radical scavenging activities were analyzed, based on concentration of surfactants and Extraction Methods. Methods and Results : The effect of autoclave extraction (AE) and ultrasonification extraction USE) with hydrophilic surfactant that is Brij35 diluted 15, 25 and 35 mM with water on antioxidant activity of Kenaf was investigated. The leaves of Kenaf; R from Israel were collected in 2016 and the collected leaves were dried and pulverized. The highest polyphenol content of Kenaf extracted was 47.54 ㎎/㎖ as Brij35 20 mM extract from AE after USE. The highest flavonoid content of Kenaf was 20.01 ㎎/㎖ as Brij35 25 mM extract from AE. The Brij35 20 mM extract from AE after USE showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than that of the other treatments. Conclusion : Based on the test results, the extracts obtained by AE or AE after USE showed excellent antioxidant activity and effective component than extracts by USE. The results of the DPPH radical scavenging activity and total polyphenol content of the extracts obtained by AE after USE than AE were slightly improved, but there was no significant difference. Therefore, it is considered that the extract obtained by autoclave extraction most effective for use as a cosmetic ingredient.

Background : Cu ion is an essential mineral of animal feed. But rapid degradation of Cu ion in animal intestine causes poor immune activity and potential environment hazard. Therefore, to enhance immune system and control metal ion deliverly in intestine, we developed Cu ion nano suspension. In animal feed, > 127 ㎎/g of Cu ion are found but only 5 - 7 ㎎ are used out of them. Therefore, huge loss of Cu ion causes environment, economy and animal health problem. Methods and Results : Seven formulation were prepared to prepare nano suspension (particle size < 200 ㎚) of CuSO4. The particle diameter, polydispersity index, and zeta potential values of the samples were measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and laser Doppler methods (ELS-Z1000; Otsuka Electronics, Tokyo, Japan). Absorbance and Cu ion concentration was measured using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. Cu ion nano particle (< 200 ㎚) was found in a formulation comprised of Cu ion : surfactant (lipophilic : hydrophilic) and PEG. In consistence with this result, total absorbance and concentration was found higher in the same formulation compared to control. Conclusion : From our experiment we may conclude that mixture of Cu ion : surfactant (lipophilic : hydrophilic) and PEG successfully prepared nano suspension which slow down the degradation of Cu ion in intestine with improving feed quality, animal health and prevent potential environment pollution.

Background : Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is a member of the malvaceae family and has been prescribed in traditional folk medicine in Africa and India. It showed broad biologicas activities such as hepatoprotective activity, antioxidative activity and haematinic activity. Kenaf leaves contain a lot of vegetable calcium, protein, iron and vitamins, so have high potential as functional food. Thus, the present study purposed to analyze useful substances contained in kenaf leaves and their activities and look for their possibilities as the materials of food and medicine. Methods and Results :　We sowed the seeds of three varieties of kenaf, namely, Dowling, Everglade-41 and Tainung-2 at planting space of 20 × 20㎝ on the field and collected plants on the 98th , 127th and 141st days from sowing. The total polyphenol content was measured using a slightly modified Folin-Denis method, which uses the phenomenon that a phenolic substance turns blue by reaction with phosphomolybdate. Conclusion : We analyzed SOD enzyme activity related to the scavenging of superoxide anion radical (․O2-) through NBT reduction. As for the SOD activity of leaf extract by variety, the activity was 92.6%, 91.0% and 92.6%, respectively, in Tainung-2 on day 98, 127 and 141 from sowing, slightly higher than those in the other two varieties but not significantly different. The activity was slightly higher in the middle period of growth than in the harvest period, but not much different according to harvest time. As for the DPPH radical scavenging activity of leaf extract by variety, the activity was 80.87% and 80.71%, respectively, in Tainung-2 on day 98 (30th of October)and day127 (28th of September), slightly higher than the other two varieties.

Background : Buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.) is an annual crop belonging to the polygonaceae family and cultivated in most of Asian and European countries. Nowadays, many people take interest in the utilization of buckwheat seed because of its high nutritional and pharmaceutical values. Especially, tartary buckwheat is drawing attention for its high rutin content, which is beneficial to health. Methods and Results :　Tartary buckwheat sprout (TBS) was powdered and two grams of powder was mixed with 4 ㎖ H2O in a glass petri disc (100 x 20 ㎜) and exposed to far infrared irradiation (FIR) at different temperature (80, 100, 120, 140, 160℃) for an hour each. Further, the FIR treated powdered sprout samples were suspended in 200 ㎖ of 80% ethanol (v/v) and kept overnight in a shaker at room temperature. The extracts were filtered through Advantec 5B Tokyo Roshi Kaisha Ltd., Japan and dried using a vacuum rotatory evaporator (EYLA N-1000, Tokyo, Japan) in a 40℃ water bath. Dried samples were weighed and kept at 4℃ for further analysis. Conclusion : Total polyphenol was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteau assay and total flavonoid by aluminum nitrate colorimetric assay, while antioxidant properties were evaluated based on DPPH free radical scavenging activity, metal chelating property and total antioxidant capacity. This study showed that FIR treatment to TBS caused a decrease in total antioxidant capacity and metal chelation property. However, there was a slight increase in total polyphenol and total flavonoid content from 80 to 120℃. Similarly, DPPH free radical scavenging activity also increased in the same way as TP and TF in TBS. The HPLC result revealed that quercetin production was directly proportional to temperature, and the production (average 14.87 ㎎/g dw) of quercetin was highest at 120℃ (an hour’s treatment), which was 13.54 times higher than the control in TBS.

Background: Purple potato contain sufficient phenolic compound and flavonoid which has high antioxidant capacity. Due to poor water solubility of phenolic compounds and quick oxidation of anthocyanin, we could not get maximum health benefits from purple potato. Therefore, we developed surfactant based aqueous nano suspension to enhance the solubility of phenolic compounds and protect the oxidation of anthocyanin from purple potato. Methods and Results: Two types of surfactant were used in this experiment based on hydrophilic-lycophilic balance viz. Brij and Span. In our study, lycophilic surfactant showed highest efficiency in TP extraction compared to water and lipophilic surfactant below 10 mM concentration. On the other hand, lipophilic surfactant showed highest efficiency in extracting flavonoid content. Conclusion: It is concluded that hydrophilic surfactant was significantly increased phenolic compounds five times, and lipophilic surfactant increased flavonoid two times, and anthocyanin three times compared to control. Therefore, total antioxidant capacity was increases two times compared to control.