본 연구는 실내시설재배에서 천마의 생육단계를 균사활착기, 괴경형성기, 괴경비대기, 휴면기로 구분하고, 최적온도 및 배양기간을 설정하였으며, 괴경비대기에 변온처리를 하였다. 천마의 균사활착기는 20℃에서 30일, 괴경형성기는 25℃에서 120일, 괴경비대기는 6~24℃에서 60일, 휴면기는 5℃에서 30일로 처리하여 총 배양기간은 240일로 설정하였다. 실내시설재배는 노지재배보다 균사활착기는 30일 단축되었고, 괴경형성기는 30일 연장되었으며, 휴면기는 120일 단축됨으로써, 전체 재배기간이 약 120일 단축되었다. 따라서, 본 연구 결과, 밀폐된 실내시설재배에서 온도 조건을 제어하면 천마를 연중생산 할 수 있는 생육모델의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of Soil borne wheat mosaic virus(SbWMV) in barley fields in Korea and to examine the host pathogenicity of SbWMV. By using the ELISA test, SbWMV was detected in the six regions : Suwon, Milyang, Jinju, Youngkwang, Iksan, and Chonju. SbWMV was isolated from the two strains, Albori strain from Jinju and Eunpamil strain from Milyang. SbWMV was collected from leaves showing mosaic, yellowing and necrosis stripes. SbWMV was inoculated mechanically on 1∼1.5 leaf stages with leaf-rubbing to identify the host pathogenicity of 36 Korean barley cultivars, a wheat cultivar, two rye cultivars, three Japanese barley cultivars and Chenopodium amaranticola. Viral sympoms of inoculated leaves appeared on moulted loaves about 4 to 6 weeks of inoculation. Baegdong and Tapgolbori, infected from Albori strain and Eunpamil strain infected from Samdobori showed much higher susceptibility than C. amaranticola and C. quinoa which showed ring spots and chlorotic spots respectively. Virus particles were observed by the electron microscope. They were rod-shapes, which are bipartite, of 142 nm or 281 nm in length with 20 nm diameter on infected leaves. Specific detection and identification of SbWMV was set up using the RT-PCR. PCR fragments of SbWMV(0.5kb) were obtained by using the designed primers for SbWMV RNA 2.

Sixteen isolates showing relatively strong antagonicity against the ginger rhizome rot pathogen, Pythium zingiberum, were selected among the 155 isolates from ginger rhizome surfaces and rhizospheres of ginger cultivation fields in Wanju, Chonbuk. The isolate, 'HB 26-5'showing the strongest antagonicity was finally selected by testing duration of inhibition effect and pathogenicity to ginger. The isolated antagonistic microorganism, 'HB 26-5' was rod shape, gram positive and formed endospore. The isolate produced acids utilizing glucose, arabinose, xylose and mannitol, and acetoin at VP test, and grew anaerobically. Temperature range for growth was from 10 to 40℃ . Reaction to catalase and gelatin, hydrolysis were positive, and casein hydrolysis and indol production were negative. Based on the mycological characters and the fatty acid composition, it was identified as Bacillus polymyxa. The pathogenicity test of isolated Bacillus polymyxa 'HB 26-5'on 22 crop cultivars resulted that only the lettuce was influenced in germination, and the others were not affected.