This paper is demonstrative of values and the imbibed strength of values observed along the value chains of organizations studied by the authors in past two years. The paper is projective of an intense relationship of values based business ethics observed along the value chains of the organizations concerned with the context and the soul of the conventional definition of marketing given by American Marketing Association in 2007. The value chain of a prominent consumer product’s marketers studied through reflexive research approach exemplifies that how business ethics based on values helped in evolving activities, institutions and processes for creating, communicating, delivering and exchanging offerings that have value for the customers, clients, partners and society at large which is actually the definition of marketing be American Marketing Association: Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. (Approved July 2013) Similar observations in the value chains and the marketing process of other organizations validated the fact that if values driven business ethics is followed along the value chain the context of 2007 definition of Marketing gets enlivened.

Rural markets, especially in countries like India hold strong potential as emerging markets. The aim of this paper is to identify and analyse factors acting as drivers for companies to enter and serve rural markets and also to identify interrelationships among them along with their driver and dependence power, with special reference to India. A total of 13 enablers were identified on the basis of focused group discussions and interviews with experts from academics and industry. An interpretative structural modelling (ISM) and fuzzy MICMAC analysis were used to identify levels of hierarchical relationship among the drivers. The findings show that government policies and regulations are some of the most important drivers in rural markets.

This study empirically examines herd behavior for fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector stocks under varied market return conditions and the period during the global financial crisis and its aftermath. We examine the sample of stocks trading on the Nifty FMCG Index of the Indian equity market from January 2008 up to December 2018 using the dispersion measure of cross sectional absolute deviation and examine its relationship with the market return to explore herd phenomenon. Quantile regression estimate is used and the results of the study validate rational asset pricing models as the sector does not display herding. In contrast, anti-herd behavior at lower and median quantile values is observed. A possible reason can be the non-cyclical nature of the industry where investors rely more on the fundamentals rather than crowd chasing. We also findthe absence of herd phenomenon during the market asymmetries of bull and bear phases, extreme movements, the period of the global financial crisis, and afterward. We further examine herding under the impact of the information technology (IT) industry and conclude that significant return movements in IT sector impact dispersions in the FMCG industry. Also, there is a co-varying risk between the two sectors confirming the spillover in an integrated market.

Managers, supervisors, executives and others whose office is to get work done by staff in organizations would desire a motivated workforce. Despite the advances in technology, any system has tot have motivated people to achieve its goals and at some time or other, no one in charge of a unit has failed to wonder, ‘How best do I get individuals and groups motivated’? What is motivation, how can employees be motivated to direct their energies towards execution of the job and how is this achieved on a sustained on-going basis? Is a highly motivated employee necessarily an ace performer? These are the issues which the author would address in the present paper. The authors has conducted an empirical study by administering motivational test and collected data from 100 corporate of Bhopal region.