The role of the women divers (Haenyo and their unique meeting place (Buleok)of peace to solve disputes is another feature of Jeju Peace Island that recommends it as a locus for peace action. Sammu speaks of neighbourly-ness, although the concept itself refers to three elements lacking on Jeju: The Thief, the Gate and the Beggar. Going deep into the peasant past, Jeju islanders held virtues ``diligence, thrift and interdependence”. This meant that no one was moved to become a thief, there was no need for a secure Gate and, so, the Beggar was not found either. Jeju Islander society and culture was without avarice and promoted values of independence, self-reliance and honor. Entry to a traditional Jeju compound was barred by a Jeongnang or log that showed that the homeowner was away and, so, no one crossed the threshold out of respect. All of this may sound rather negative and stern were it not for Samryeo, the “Three Treasures” in the developing heritage of Jeju peace culture, taken to be Nature (folklore, native industries), Crops of special use, such as marine products and, today, tourism; finished off with Generosity of the beauty of nature, including controls on the level of industry so as to preserve the natural blessings. Whilst in keeping with the three-part philosophy of ancient Jeju, Samryeo is a development from 1960 and more recent times, as Jeju and South Korea recovered from the Jeju Tragedy. Indeed, it is only in 2003(English edition in 2013) that the final definitive report on these disturbing events has been compiled and published. Like the Mangaian war ax, the Jeju Tragedy is a constant reminder of the need for peace and the avoidance of violence and war for harmony of civilization.”.

We study the necessity of UN Asia headquarters in this article based on the case factual evidence from Korean history incorporating late 19C to current. We organize our arguments from two perspectives that are 1) Nation founding philosophy and 3) Business and Economics. In this article we attempt to find supportive evidence that why the home of the UN Asia headquarter should be located in the Korea peninsular. This paper is a written statement for the presentation of 2022 International Summer School Proceedings of World Peace Bulteok Meeting.

When we think about an idea of United Nations Tolerance Program UNTP, it is important for us to share memory with world citizens that we had 2314 veterans from 11 countries in the Busan U.N. Forces Cemetery since January of 1951. Recently, we had 13 veterans, who got buried coming from 4 Americans, 3 Hollanders, 2 Frenchmen, 2 Germans, 2 Englishmen, 1 Canadian and 1 headband after they died in their countries. (Joongang daily newspaper June 19, 2022). "I believe that creating a fifth office of the UNTP in Republic of Korea (Seoul, Busan, Kyunggi or Jeju Island), as a twin organization of the UNEP in Nairobi, Kenya, would provide a geopolitical balance to the international organization and a useful base for peace island studies in the conflict laden region of East Asia. Establishing this office in S. Korea(Seoul, Busan, Kyunggi or Jeju Island), with its unique geographical location as a hub for peace talks and environmental negotiations between Russia, North Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan, would contribute to peace and development in the region." (Yates. 2022).

This study attempted to reinterpret the meaning of the Roh MooHyun Jeju-Declaration in accordance with the age of artificial intelligence based on the liberal theory. In the era of artificial intelligence, a new aspect of the U.S.-China hegemonic competition was considered. The Roh MooHyun Declaration, which declared Jeju Island a peaceful island, was reinterpreted from three points of view of liberal theory. This study presented the necessity and orientation of the World Peace Island Network International Organization.

This study aims to restore the dignity of the elderly based on “filial piety” and community values in preparation for the 'silver tsunami' in Jeju by studying the case of Whitney Center in the United States, PASSi, Jeju's Isidol Nursing Home, and the haenyeo society. The main goal was to develop the Asian Jeong Nang model which was named by professor Koh Chang Hoon, Chair of Island Research Institute at Jeju National university. Jeong Nang(정낭) is the gateway with 3 wooden bars to the traditional residential space of Jeju where several generations live together. Dr. Hesung Chun Koh, Chair of East Rock Institute gave me motivation and support for the study of the elderly welfare model at the Jeju National University Island Research Institute. As the head of this study, I was dispatched from the Jeju National University Island Research Institute to the East Rock Institute (ERI). Dr. Hesung Chun Koh, M.D. Ann Datunashivili who is a practice professor at Medical School of Yale and in charge of Medical Center of Whitney Center. and Mike RambaRose who is Chief Executive Officer of Whitney Center, supported my research. In addition ImJa Choi, CEO of PASSi, also allowed two research students, Lee Seung Yong and Ko Yu Seok, from Jeju National University, to help my research related to psycho-social approach for the elderly at PASSi. This study was intended to develop a model for senior citizens in Korea through Hesung Chun Koh's ERI CCAI Model, Whitney Center's residential apartment model for retired seniors, and PASSi's community care model for the multi-cultural community.

WAIS in South Korea and WEU Inc. in Philadelphia hosting the 22nd World Peace Island Forum: Remembering Jeju King Cherry Trees Bio-diplomacy (1943) in Washington D.C. and the first Korean Congress Democracy (1919) in Philadelphia which organized by the Korean Provisional Government from March 22 to 24, 2022. We want to propose cultural historic events which connect American and Korean society, such as the Trip to Faith and Liberty Hall that relate to the integration processes of Korean and American Democracy. Dean Max Friedman of American University calls the Jeju King cherry trees cultural event bio-diplomacy among world citizens. In addition, the Korean embassy evaluated the cherry tree event as a new kind of bio-diplomacy approach which paves the way for understanding different cultures in different countries. The aim of this paper is to share present contexts and meanings about both the first Korean Congress Democracy (1919) and Bio-diplomacy (1943). We had also the 2022 GAN Korea Jeju to Philadelphia Webinar Conference: Diversity as a New Diversity for Global Ageing Network in New Normal: Jeju Village Healing, PASSi Asian Culture, Japanese Indigenous Peace Culture, and Busan Smart Health Care approach.

This study attempted to interpret the meaning of the U.S.-China hegemony competition based on liberal theory, and predicted future U.S.-China relations by analyzing the hegemony confrontation between the U.S. and China. During the U.S.-China hegemony competition, countries around China, which are directly threatened by China, were divided into continental and maritime national groups, and the characteristics, concerns, and responses of those countries were considered. It proposed a new maritime-new continent global bridge economic block system, suggested strengthening economic cooperation, technical cooperation, cultural cooperation and liberal international order as its effectiveness, and suggested the need of a new international order during the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

To understand the characteristics of vanadium leaching from soils formed by the weathering of basalts, paleo soil at Gosan, Jeju Island, Korea, and several present-day soils from neighboring areas were collected. Leaching experiments were carried out by two approaches: 1) batch experiments under various geochemical conditions (redox potential (Eh) and pH) and 2) continuous leaching experiments under conditions similar to those of natural environments. From the batch experiments, leached vanadium concentrations were highest under alkaline (NaOH) conditions, with a maximum value of 2,870 μg/L, and were meaningful (maximum value, 114 μg/L) under oxidizing (H2O2) conditions, whereas concentrations under other conditions (acidic-HCl, neutral-NaHCO3, and reducing-Na2S2O3) were negligible. This indicated that the geochemical conditions, in which soil-water reactions occurred to form groundwater with high vanadium concentrations, were under alkaline-oxidizing conditions. From the continuous leaching experiments, the pH and leached vanadium concentrations of the solution were in the ranges of 5.45 5.58 and 6 9 μg/L, respectively, under CO2 supersaturation conditions for the first 15 days, whereas values under O2 aeration conditions after the next 15 days increased to 8.48 8.62 and 9.7 12.2 μg/L, respectively. Vanadium concentrations from the latter continuous leaching experiments were similar to the average concentration of groundwater in Jeju Island (11.2 μg/L). Furthermore leached vanadium concentrations in continuous leaching experiments were highly correlated with pH and Al, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations. The results of this study showed that 1) alkaline-oxidizing conditions of water-rock (soil) interactions were essential to form vanadium-rich groundwater and 2) volcanic soils can be a potential source of vanadium in Jeju Island groundwater.