In this study, we evaluate the anti-microbiological activity of paraben in eye shadows that are composed of pigments and oil binders using various analytical methods and microbiological tests. Paraben does not show the microbiological activity properly when it was used with Nylon SP® 10, Talc RF SSA®, OMC Talc AS® and BaSO4. In the test of fungi, Nylon SP® 10 causes the decrease of microbiological activity regardless of the type of oil binders. The pigment of Mango violet also causes the decrease of microbiological activity when ester oil binder was used. Regardless of the type of oil binder, samples containing nylon SP 10, 0.15% of methyl paraben and 0.05% of propyl paraben had not been able to maintain microbiological activity only if the concentration of parabens were increased. Trace amounts of metal ions present in pigments reduced the activity of preservatives by inactivation of hydroxyl group of paraben. It is thought that swollen nylon SP 10 in ester oil increase the absorption or interaction of parabens and swollen nylon powder causes the inactivation of paraben.

In fabricating plasma display panels, the photolithographic process is used to form patterns of barrier ribs with high accuracy and high aspect ratio. It is important in the photolithographic process to control the refractive index of the photosensitive paste. The composition of this paste for photolithography is based on the B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3 glass system, including additives of alkali oxides and rare earth oxides. In this work, we investigated the density, structure and refractive index of glasses based on the B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3 system with the addition of Li2O, K2O, Na2O, CaO, SrO, and MgO. The refractive index of the glasses containing K2O, Na2O and CaO was similar to that of the [BO3] fraction while that of the SrO, MgO and Li2O containing glasses were not correlated with the coordination fraction. The coordination number of the boron atoms was measured by MAS NMR. The refractive index increased with a decrease of molar volume due to the increase in the number of non-bridging oxygen atoms and the polarizability. The lowest refractive index (1.485) in this study was that of the B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-K2O glass system due to the larger ionic radius of K+. Based on our results, it has been determined that the refractive index of the B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3 system should be controlled by the addition of alkali oxides and alkali earth oxides for proper formation of the photosensitive paste.