The current construction and maintenance guidelines applied to airport pavement in Korea are those of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the International Air Transport Association (IATA), and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). In order to consider local conditions of airports in Korea, more specific details should be addressed in those guidelines. For example, the design and construction for pavements at airports in Korea follow the specifications of materials for general roads or foreign airport pavement guidelines, as there is no design manual or guideline for the granular base and subbase materials for airport pavement in Korea. In such circumstances, the likelihood of premature failure or accelerated damage increases, as the loading from airplanes is not fully taken into account or the local environmental characteristics are not considered. In addition, concerns in public facility drainage systems have been rising recently in line with the increase in the frequency and scale, caused by the global abnormal-temperature phenomenon, of localized torrential rain and snow. For airport runways, measures to maintain swift drainage systems are especially necessary to ensure safety and prevent flight delays. In this study, the appropriate moisture content and pavement method are analyzed by applying porous concrete developed for a cement-treated base course for securing permeability of airport pavement at an actual construction site. In addition, on-site construction testing was performed to determine the appropriate compaction method and the curing method to minimize cracking by using a compaction facility. To determine the optimal moisture content, a quality-control was performed by measuring the moisture content of porous concrete produced at a batch plant. For this purpose, a speed moisture test (ASTM D 4944) was performed on site because the unit-water content of the porous concrete affects its compaction and finishing. Before compaction, a grader was used to remove fragments on the subbase and then a tandem roller was used to level and compact. After compaction, the porous cement-treated base course, called porous concrete, was placed using an asphalt finisher. The mechanical properties and durability of the porous cement-treated base course with a variation of a degree of compaction: noncompaction, tandem roller moved back and forth once, three times, and five times. The pavement was covered with vinyl according to the curing guidelines suggested by the Korea Expressway Corporation’s highway construction specifications, to prevent evaporation from porous concrete that has relatively low moisture content. After curing, the core was collected to analyze the compressive strength, permeability coefficient, porosity, and freeze–thaw resistance characteristics.

Roads in Korea are equipped with PMS (Pavement Management System) computation data that runs on highway, national highway and municipal road. PMS is a program that selects and manages the road pavement optimal maintenance alternative as a indicator of the road pavement structural and functional performance. PMS is a system that has been developed for the primary purpose of maintaining the structural performance of road pavement, and so far does not include any indicators associated with the safety of road users. However, the road cave-in, which have recently become an issue on social networking sites, mass-media, and other issues, should pose systematically because it can make a safety risk to road users, and in particular lead to the structural and functional failure of the PMS program in view of the road pavement. Accordingly, this research has developed a practical use case for developing an integrated road cave-in management program based on the results of various studies on the exploration, analysis, assessment and handling of the existing road cave-in in Korea.

The bulb storability of eight red and ten yellow onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivars grown primarily in Korea was evaluated. During storage, sprouting occurred earlier in red cultivars than in yellow cultivars. In addition, the ratio of sprouted to unsprouted bulbs increased more rapidly in red cultivars than in yellow cultivars. However, not all yellow cultivars had strong storabilities. Bulb storability of three yellow cultivars was as poor as that of red cultivars, suggesting only a slight possibility of a pleiotropic effect of color and bulb storability. Meanwhile, F3 lines of a red cultivar selected based on stronger storabilities showed intermediate storabilities between those of the red and yellow cultivars, implying that strong storability could be obtained by successive selection. In contrast, F1 hybrids from crosses between yellow and red breeding lines showed poor storability compared with the yellow cultivars, indicating that poor storability may be dominant over strong storability. The relationships between color and other traits that potentially affect storability, such as fresh and dry weight, water content, and firmness of bulbs, were evaluated. No significant differences in these traits were observed between the two colors, although the water content of yellow cultivars and the dry weight of red cultivars were slightly higher than their counterparts. Correlation analyses between bulb storability and other traits, including weight, water content, and firmness, also showed no significant correlations. In this study, no correlations were identified between bulb color, storability, and other traits. However, based on these results, red cultivars with stronger storabilities could be developed through successive selection of bulbs with stronger storabilities.