World wide mushroom productions have been increased to 10-20% and more various mushrooms have been attempted to cultivate. Similar trends were also observed in Korea. More diverse mushroom varieties such as Pleurotus eryngii, Hericium erinaceus and Agrocybe aegerita have been attempted to cultivate in larger areas. In these days, 235 varieties of 33 different mushroom species have been cultivated. However only 50 varieties were protected by the law. Since 1960s, mushroom industry had been considered as one of the major export industries in Korea and mushroom production has been rapidly increased. In 2008, total mushroom production was about 198,209 ton, which were about 800 billion won (one trillion won if include mushroom factory products). Major cultivated species are Pleurotus ostreatus, P. eryngii, Flammulina velutipes, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus bisporus, which cover 90% of total production. We believed that the protection of mushroom vavarieties by the law is one of the main problems to be solved. Also, more studies to develop better mushroom production methods with low cost and improve the distribution structures are certainly required. In these days, the export of mushroom has been increased in Korea. We imported more mushrooms than exported for last 4 years, however, it has been changed that export is getting bigger in these days. Because we developed the liquid spawning and automatic cultivation systems, which lead the reduction of mushroom production cost and resulted in the increasement of export. If we develop better post-harvest system, it is certain that the mushroom export should be more important in the future. As an alternative way, some Korean companies are planning to build the plants in main export countries. Mushroom industry has promising future because mushroom is good for your health.